tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-16363477959684990332024-03-19T04:07:50.841+00:00Dante's WarsA wargamer's perspective on the military history of the 13th and early 14th century.Swampsterhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07273339036868534074noreply@blogger.comBlogger69125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1636347795968499033.post-75311624721888599282023-05-01T12:23:00.000+01:002023-05-01T12:23:30.170+01:00GW Contrast Paints on 15mm Horses<p> My first purchase of the GW Contrast paints was with painting horses in mind. There are times when I quite like painting them but when you have a hundred or more to do for an army, short cuts are helpful.</p><p>My first go with them left me unimpressed. The colours I used didn't produce much noticeable difference in shades, so I ended up doing as much highlighting as before. Their flow did, however make it quicker to apply the base coat and there were less times where a deeper groove in the detail was missed.</p><p>I did use them for other figures, and once I had more experience I decided to try again with the horses.</p><p>The main difference with my earlier attempt was that I now tried to dilute some of the darker colours. This made a great deal of difference and took better advantage of the range of shades which could be produced.</p><p>I took some reference pictures of the various colours I used, largely so that I could remember. There are some colours (mostly more browns) which I have since bought and will also use.</p><p>The horses are all War and Empire, mostly from the Skythian range. Undercoat is Halfords white - I have tried GW primer as well but the Halfords is easier for me to get.</p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjJ49DSA4dYEzHKAIlwDZVdbJp-gVBFNG1-Jhi2OwH0hS7Q-xPBu9FB1sDeJvKDyYuLEBYaK38JwrYKOmC1KX0lFx3cUAtfLCND_oH3qRAqlhrKWPZj3tSdlK-jlD9zCAbpLYGmdWMRxLruKfgPwuEBknWsEHY16QKPscsnFGJZNKjxlQGJ_6Cp_GhY/s3899/IMG_0918%20(2).jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="603" data-original-width="3899" height="49" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjJ49DSA4dYEzHKAIlwDZVdbJp-gVBFNG1-Jhi2OwH0hS7Q-xPBu9FB1sDeJvKDyYuLEBYaK38JwrYKOmC1KX0lFx3cUAtfLCND_oH3qRAqlhrKWPZj3tSdlK-jlD9zCAbpLYGmdWMRxLruKfgPwuEBknWsEHY16QKPscsnFGJZNKjxlQGJ_6Cp_GhY/s320/IMG_0918%20(2).jpg" width="320" /></a></div>Wyldwood Gore Grunta Fur Basilicanum Grey Black Templar<br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiJtUQqWrzzvGTZlQsSnUXv4KSPfKNhI1iyEdUOEibrs2BXlnYvfeJwoSGcZGsDmQFGaIIDzDb-e3Sc6cCT-S1ACyUad-71T3W4MdPc_QjjQjA8glfqgbOS66JmnmoY9R4Ltb8RLNrYtlRPEXtvweP0qD-IGZIYT20ZmLYQhLAUehKvfGCRnui5ke0f/s3929/IMG_0919%20(2).JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="789" data-original-width="3929" height="64" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiJtUQqWrzzvGTZlQsSnUXv4KSPfKNhI1iyEdUOEibrs2BXlnYvfeJwoSGcZGsDmQFGaIIDzDb-e3Sc6cCT-S1ACyUad-71T3W4MdPc_QjjQjA8glfqgbOS66JmnmoY9R4Ltb8RLNrYtlRPEXtvweP0qD-IGZIYT20ZmLYQhLAUehKvfGCRnui5ke0f/s320/IMG_0919%20(2).JPG" width="320" /></a></div>Skeleton Horde Aggaros Dunes Dark Oath Flesh Gulliman Flesh<br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiapGY5ZrukONYwvEIIfe8jv8wVzAAaK3YIRqG57crjG_Cy9aKepJQUtZ0m5KtMiQ1FL1XTEGU1ROFuHD_YLJdw6kIddjTiEE1GaetwqQVn5b37vXcdXkk89NzEgChr8_O4aYHwDoOxlNJDL7gTTDmCv2Hi_H8OokK5IHh2SaySGFjkZyBXLT5Xta32/s3946/IMG_0921%20(2).JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="837" data-original-width="3946" height="68" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiapGY5ZrukONYwvEIIfe8jv8wVzAAaK3YIRqG57crjG_Cy9aKepJQUtZ0m5KtMiQ1FL1XTEGU1ROFuHD_YLJdw6kIddjTiEE1GaetwqQVn5b37vXcdXkk89NzEgChr8_O4aYHwDoOxlNJDL7gTTDmCv2Hi_H8OokK5IHh2SaySGFjkZyBXLT5Xta32/s320/IMG_0921%20(2).JPG" width="320" /></a></div>Cygor Brown - very dilute to undiluted<br /><p><br /></p><p>Other than diluting, these are the colours without any further highlights or washes. Some are better for horses than others but a bit of additional highlighting or washing has given a good range of horse tones with less work than I would normally need. </p><p>Note, I have tried (not entirely successfully) to do a bit of white colour balancing, so tones will vary.</p><p>Darker colours can be achieved by applying more paint, without giving a noticeably thick coat. Black Templar, for instance, would need to be much darker for a black horse, but it is a very useful colour even if the rest of the horse is done with other methods. It gives a nice black for manes and points - the strength of the black can be adjusted easily to give a fade. The horse in the above picture ended up as a darker blue roan with some spotting.</p><p><br /></p>Swampsterhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07273339036868534074noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1636347795968499033.post-21589720583538860652017-08-09T23:16:00.000+01:002017-08-10T20:18:01.062+01:00Hussite War Wagons<div class="" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
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War wagons are one of those things I've often wanted but had shied away from for many years. I think I bought the first of these at a show where there wasn't much else I wanted, so I got them just because they were there.</div>
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It is possible that the use of this kind of converted wagon first started in Poland and then spread to Bohemia where they were used to great effect in the Hussite Wars. They were then adopted by Hungary and in Germany, with similar types being used in Russia.<br />
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Below are some of the wagons I have. The crew is a real mix. There are figures from Donnington, Khurasan, Minifigs, Irregular, QR, Vexillia and Mirliton. The Donnington peasants are particularly useful, with very Bohemian style clothing (15th century - not 1950s Greenwich Village).<br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Irregular</td></tr>
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Some of the wagons have a crew which looks more professional which I use for the later 15th century such as the Hungarians.<br />
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These are the two styles of wagon from Irregular Miniatures. The wagon itself is the same in each case - the separately cast side planking is the difference. I think the style of planking is randomly provided.<br />
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They also do a wagon of the same style which comes with a small artillery piece.<br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Irregular</td></tr>
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I have more Irregular wagons than any other, with enough to have some shooting to the left and some to the right.<br />
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Note the stone thrower - the wagons often had containers filled with stones for bombarding the enemy. Some other wagons have the stone throwing Swiss figures from Khurasan in them.<br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Alternative Armies</td></tr>
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This wagon is from Alternative Armies (until recently sold as 15mm.co.uk and originally by Tabletop Games).<br />
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The wagons require more construction than the Irregular pieces. The sides of the actual wagon are separate but come with different options including the open ramp for one side. They come with horses but I decided to do them in a static pose.<br />
It took a while to work out how to get everything together but once it was cleaned up of flash etc. they went together quite smoothly.<br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Alternative Armies (rear view)</td></tr>
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This one has an artillery piece from Minifigs deployed alongside. The gunner is from QR, the shield bearer from Irregular.<br />
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It also comes with a small section to go under the wagon - I haven't put these in as they are difficult to see but perhaps I will get round to it one day.<br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Minifigs</td></tr>
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The Minifigs wagon has a one piece body with separate side hoarding. It is also provided with the under cart protection. It comes with two pairs of horse but I used Irregular horses for all the wagons.<br />
The body of the examples I had from Minifigs needed a bit of tidying up including some filling but nothing too onerous<br />
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The comparison picture shows that the three companies go together pretty well. Each of them has its pluses and minuses. The Alternative Armies one, while tricky to put together, is probably the most accurate with its ramp and the suspension poles. It also doesn't have a driver's seat - the driver would probably have ridden one of the horses. However, the modern recreation at the <a href="http://www.husitskemuzeum.cz/" target="_blank">Hussite Museum in Tabor</a> does have a box for the driver to sit on.<br />
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I also have some by QR miniatures. These are much smaller though still pretty nice. Each pack has two wagons - one is dug in with its wheels partially buried.<br />
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Museum have fairly recently produced a range of war wagons. These look nice, and follow several modern reconstruction. However, I'm not convinced that the modern artists have interpreted the sources well - hinged side panels have become propped up roofs.<br />
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There are some very pretty war wagons on various websites, whereas I have gone for the plain wood look. This is based on contemporary pictures such as the <a href="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1f/1502_Die_Schlacht_im_Walde_anagoria.JPG" target="_blank">Schlact im Wald</a>e* and the picture at the head of this blog.<br />
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What I will need to do is to add flags to some of the wagons. There are specific designs for different parts of the Hussite army. Since I have rather a lot of wagons, I may add some Hungarian heraldry to a few, as in <span style="background-color: white; color: #555555;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><a href="https://www.amazon.co.uk/d/cka/Army-King-Matthias-1458-1526-M%C3%A1ty%C3%A1s-kir%C3%A1ly-hadserege/9633275938/ref=sr_1_8?s=books&ie=UTF8&qid=1500891735&sr=1-8" target="_blank">Győző Somogyi's book on the army of Matthias Corvinus</a>.</span></span><br />
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<iframe allowfullscreen="" class="YOUTUBE-iframe-video" data-thumbnail-src="https://i.ytimg.com/vi/R4MkBwcOCE4/0.jpg" frameborder="0" height="266" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/R4MkBwcOCE4?feature=player_embedded" width="320"></iframe></div>
There are some clips online from a trilogy of Czech films made in the 1950s covering the Hussite Wars, There is certainly a political dimension to them, but the efforts to get a historical look are laudable. This is a clip of the Battle of Sudomer which has some good shots of war wagons. Note also the teams of unarmed pavise bearer and crossbowman. The music chosen by this editor may not be to everyone's taste :)<br />
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<a href="https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=uACVAwAAQBAJ&pg=PP11&lpg=PP11&dq=wagner+durdik&source=bl&ots=E9AQOoNgW0&sig=p5G4urihOoP2kw5mYa8Zki7FkZg&hl=en&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=wagner%20durdik&f=false" target="_blank">Wagner, Drobna and Durdik's book</a> on Medieval Costume, Armour and Weapons has a particular emphasis on the Bohemians and shows several good pictures of wagons. Worth looking at, despite its age.<br />
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Much newer are the pair of books on <i><a href="https://www.amazon.de/Die-Heere-Hussiten-Ausr%C3%BCstung-Organisation/dp/3938447834/ref=sr_1_1/260-7799756-0227009?s=books&ie=UTF8&qid=1500893211&sr=1-1&keywords=Hussiten" target="_blank">die Heere den Hussiten</a>. </i>The plates aren't as interesting as the same company's book on the Teutonic Knights, so if you are not a German reader then I wouldn't recommend them.<br />
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*A wonderful source for the late 15th/early 16th century in Germany. One thing it shows is the wagons moving around the field, but how typical this was and how much is artistic licence is of course debatable. <a href="http://kriegsbuch.blogspot.co.uk/2016/01/the-appearance-and-equipment-of-german.html" target="_blank">This</a> and two subsequent posts give more details of the battle. A short account by von Berlichingen is <a href="http://germanhistorydocs.ghi-dc.org/docpage.cfm?docpage_id=4385" target="_blank">here</a> - this confirms that the wagons were attacked while still trying to form a wagenburg.<br />
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<br />Swampsterhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07273339036868534074noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1636347795968499033.post-69294144166182383352017-07-31T21:12:00.002+01:002023-05-01T11:24:26.112+01:00Stradiots, Hussars and Genitors<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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There was a parallel development of light cavalry at opposite ends of Europe which reached its height as the 16th century began.</div>
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The roots were, of course, far older. In the East, there was the steppe tradition which had come into Hungary and its neighbours many times. As Hungarian society changed, the number of locals who could provide skilled light cavalry began to decline. However certain regions and sections of society maintained their traditions for longer, in part due to the influence of the Tartars to the east and increasingly the Ottomans to the south.</div>
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These are QR Miniatures from their Polish late 16th century range. They look very similar to the illustrations of Hungarian horse archers from the late 15th/ early 16th century in <i><a href="https://www.amazon.co.uk/d/cka/Army-King-Matthias-1458-1526-M%C3%A1ty%C3%A1s-kir%C3%A1ly-hadserege/9633275938/ref=sr_1_8?s=books&ie=UTF8&qid=1500891735&sr=1-8" target="_blank">the Army of King Matthias</a> </i> so I have used them for these. A couple in the pack are armed with firearms so I have not used those. Others have cartridge boxes on their backs which I could have tried carving away but they are easily overlooked. </div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjg-fdf9qYiXdjxpJ_avEHqzEsa1shkX08avCViwWZoUb5rfGTeum0CBsKQx3ruXJj3bQIAHroBwaD_fSwum8BKP5shFGqO341LcoEsJFDc8um-Rr_JkNabXC4Swg4jnFoT76N72AstlJU/s1600/DSCF1252.JPG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="1600" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjg-fdf9qYiXdjxpJ_avEHqzEsa1shkX08avCViwWZoUb5rfGTeum0CBsKQx3ruXJj3bQIAHroBwaD_fSwum8BKP5shFGqO341LcoEsJFDc8um-Rr_JkNabXC4Swg4jnFoT76N72AstlJU/s320/DSCF1252.JPG" width="320" /></a></div>
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These are QR Miniatures Serbians. Serbian cavalry entered Hungarian and then Polish service as their homeland was occupied by the Ottomans. Their style influenced the local cavalry, with the use of a lance being emphasised instead of a bow or crossbow. One of the theories for the origin of the word 'Hussar' is that it comes from Serbian. Over time, 'Serbian' may even have been a description of the style of cavalry rather than being a reliable indicator of the origin of all the men.</div>
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The figures seem to have been based very much on the Polish hussars in the <i><a href="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e0/Autor_nieznany_%28malarz_z_kr%C4%99gu_Lukasa_Cranacha_Starszego%29%2C_Bitwa_pod_Orsz%C4%85.jpg" target="_blank">Battle of Orsha</a></i> painting*. <a href="http://www.riha-journal.org/articles/2014/2014-jul-sep/hucul-orsha-en" target="_blank">Link</a> has a number of close ups - I've shown a detailed view of the hussars at the head of this page. Also in the painting are similarly dressed figures who have bows as well as lances. They are likely Lithianians, though the green flag may originally have been blue.</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiizkVGOtK_1Atviw2nOBPWiRh7Z7bmQ9VABpHb3_5PpqcfUdjR8OHjK9HrWp6k2Xd6ch44lF8uKV1k-vCnM8KSM-cMKCnqJcrfr8BGgrQlEubpySsipUfOX0xdkyzuwcYH6IMxlQzu3S0/s1600/DSCF1253.JPG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="1600" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiizkVGOtK_1Atviw2nOBPWiRh7Z7bmQ9VABpHb3_5PpqcfUdjR8OHjK9HrWp6k2Xd6ch44lF8uKV1k-vCnM8KSM-cMKCnqJcrfr8BGgrQlEubpySsipUfOX0xdkyzuwcYH6IMxlQzu3S0/s320/DSCF1253.JPG" width="320" /></a></div>
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The flag I have given them is Hungarian from <a href="https://www.amazon.co.uk/Hungarian-Military-Flags-Magyar-hadiz%C3%A1szl%C3%B3k/dp/9633275814/ref=sr_1_9?s=books&ie=UTF8&qid=1500920977&sr=1-9" target="_blank">here</a> - it was a style carried at Mohacs in 1526.</div>
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These are some of my favourite figures.</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgFa1P4r5Gt1YctMroPVYlFU3o36OONxNrwdOn3ffsDyH4upUzZ6CGJpbEiFQtAPU6cCxIiD_zbRBzHCNeEDCKEwyofkdb_bnfRtn6QWJp8XbZQUgsnJCd0m5nK0fTAdBjQgJTlYHEBy8A/s1600/DSCF1257.JPG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="1600" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgFa1P4r5Gt1YctMroPVYlFU3o36OONxNrwdOn3ffsDyH4upUzZ6CGJpbEiFQtAPU6cCxIiD_zbRBzHCNeEDCKEwyofkdb_bnfRtn6QWJp8XbZQUgsnJCd0m5nK0fTAdBjQgJTlYHEBy8A/s320/DSCF1257.JPG" width="320" /></a></div>
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These are some figures from the 'By Fire and Sword' range. Again, they are intended for a later period than I am modelling, so some have holsters on their horses. A bit of chopping and painting soon hides them though. These are from the 'Transylvanian' range. Most are actually sold as Szekelers so that is what I am using them as. They are quite similar to the Hungarians shown in the <a href="http://warfare.netau.net/15/Babenberger-Stammbaum-Leopold.htm" target="_blank">Babenberg family tree</a>. I wonder if the blue trousers are significant - they seem to be increasingly a feature of Hungarian military wear until they became a standard part of the uniform in the 18th century.<br />
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These figures would probably work as Moldavians and Wallachians as well, and perhaps Lithuanians if they are not as dolled up as the ones in the Orsha painting.<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhp5Oe2N24M2D3hCkcLQyg9qZWYWErsVQRe8D904VT5hYQ-FekFTiRMdCmp-nAFZw_zvhHd7AvqLakh3MQMlKFahiVU0Kqm2VAwEuEX8DopC8or19bhPKP81cRqOTKILUBX8n2tnjqYT0k/s1600/DSCF1259.JPG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="1600" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhp5Oe2N24M2D3hCkcLQyg9qZWYWErsVQRe8D904VT5hYQ-FekFTiRMdCmp-nAFZw_zvhHd7AvqLakh3MQMlKFahiVU0Kqm2VAwEuEX8DopC8or19bhPKP81cRqOTKILUBX8n2tnjqYT0k/s320/DSCF1259.JPG" width="320" /></a></div>
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A comparison shot of the QR Serbians with BFaS Szekelers. Since they are likely to be unfamiliar to many, I've put a comparative Essex element next to them.<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiWK_P_KJkyTT0DbvnCwuXp62_5AN6oUXY3y4ObURssx7pFNxS8gEw7NWedw3UkIlVLuurWMW6AOPYrHoUfHsXZpuYFrpIZJoDLp3o63FYVKIxpr6BE9tnPTxScb6c_zMbHfXwahyIar7Q/s1600/DSCF1261.JPG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="1600" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiWK_P_KJkyTT0DbvnCwuXp62_5AN6oUXY3y4ObURssx7pFNxS8gEw7NWedw3UkIlVLuurWMW6AOPYrHoUfHsXZpuYFrpIZJoDLp3o63FYVKIxpr6BE9tnPTxScb6c_zMbHfXwahyIar7Q/s320/DSCF1261.JPG" width="320" /></a></div>
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Apart from the comparative Essex figures, these are Stradiots - those in the centre element are from Venexia, those on the right are Mirliton. All the Stradiots are mounted on Vexillia horses - some have had the Eastern style rump covers added.</div>
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Stradiots were recruited by the Venetians in their territories across the Adriatic. They were initially Albanians though their name is probably Greek. <a href="http://pampalaia.blogspot.co.uk/2012/02/exotic-horsemen-of-augsburg.html" target="_blank">This</a> has a selection of pictures of Stadiots and Hussars - there is often argument about which are represented in certain pictures.</div>
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For a while, the Venetians paid them according to the number of heads taken (see Commynes), so some of the horses have Xyston severed heads hanging from the saddle.</div>
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More stradiots and/or hussars can be found in Maximilian's <a href="https://books.google.co.uk/books/reader?id=l1RaAAAAYAAJ&printsec=frontcover&output=reader&pg=GBS.RA1-PA105#v=onepage&q&f=false" target="_blank">Weiss Kunig</a> including plates 75, 77, 82 and 83.<br />
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The role of stradiots and Albanians in war can be seen in various contemporary histories such as <a href="http://www.hup.harvard.edu/catalog.php?isbn=9780674599185" target="_blank">Chalkokondylas</a>, <a href="http://www.hup.harvard.edu/catalog.php?isbn=9780674022836" target="_blank">Bembo</a> and <a href="https://archive.org/stream/memoirsofphilip02commiala#page/200/mode/2up" target="_blank">Commynes</a></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhZZAksn5pI0FeLox_BH81oP4yEspGsdqBeYX2K-tfdF0IzDJIZ8y-XNW4SvtRIryponBSoPAZJcLQooE66gYYuGuMiBmQ3mpGdE5HL473_uBqZGqQzsMirwqGTNoz51z149IWLIEjx9GA/s1600/DSCF1264.JPG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="1600" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhZZAksn5pI0FeLox_BH81oP4yEspGsdqBeYX2K-tfdF0IzDJIZ8y-XNW4SvtRIryponBSoPAZJcLQooE66gYYuGuMiBmQ3mpGdE5HL473_uBqZGqQzsMirwqGTNoz51z149IWLIEjx9GA/s320/DSCF1264.JPG" width="320" /></a></div>
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Most of Western Europe used little or no light cavalry for most of the Medieval period. The main exception was in Iberia. The conditions, the Morish influence and the availability of suitable horses meant that the use of light cavalry continued through the reconquest and beyond.<br />
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These are mostly Donnington New Era figures from the new Islamic range and I really like them. There has been a lot of attention to detail, using mostly Ian Heath's pictures I think. These in turn are based largely on the 'Conquest of Majorca' and the 'Cantigas de Santa Maria' . There are many other examples <a href="http://greatestbattles.iblogger.org/Spain.htm" target="_blank">here</a>.<br />
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<a href="http://grafik.rp.pl/g4a/933923,489178,9.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="640" data-original-width="476" height="200" src="https://grafik.rp.pl/g4a/933923,489178,9.jpg" width="148" /></a><a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-T6mxgSAAPHY/TwtCNyXVlII/AAAAAAAABDU/Vb3TtxBnXoQ/s1600/04.15+-+Documentaci%25C3%25B3n+-+Cantigas+de+Santa+Mar%25C3%25ADa+185d+-+Ej%25C3%25A9rcito+moro+%2528Men%25C3%25A9ndez+Pidal%2529.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="509" data-original-width="555" height="183" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-T6mxgSAAPHY/TwtCNyXVlII/AAAAAAAABDU/Vb3TtxBnXoQ/s1600/04.15+-+Documentaci%25C3%25B3n+-+Cantigas+de+Santa+Mar%25C3%25ADa+185d+-+Ej%25C3%25A9rcito+moro+%2528Men%25C3%25A9ndez+Pidal%2529.jpg" width="200" /></a><br />
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Berber horsemen continued to look very similar over the next centuries as can be seen in the <i><a href="http://warfare2.netai.net/Renaissance/Conquest_of_Oran-Moors_retreat-large.jpg" target="_blank">Conquest of Oran.</a></i><br />
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The same picture shows how the Christian Spanish had changed by this time.<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg-gHaljQUQEeL51kMr9sOwvI4q2PBLHmU3Pau54tRvxLVaySsaO0zuiolWdIFfj6lnhC2ZRHOKOSR06snYp9xEOqFfaCxnr673afhJVRdbOhAIEQy5jlxLovjNuhM56Dh0lpbFgJCPkzo/s1600/DSCF1263.JPG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="1600" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg-gHaljQUQEeL51kMr9sOwvI4q2PBLHmU3Pau54tRvxLVaySsaO0zuiolWdIFfj6lnhC2ZRHOKOSR06snYp9xEOqFfaCxnr673afhJVRdbOhAIEQy5jlxLovjNuhM56Dh0lpbFgJCPkzo/s320/DSCF1263.JPG" width="320" /></a></div>
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This shows the Essex Andalusian horse next to jinetes of the 14th century and some from the late 15th/early 16th. Even by the 14th century the equipment had become heavier. The middle figures are by Alain Touller, those on the left by Venexia (though on Vexillia horses). Both ranges are unfortunately OOP. [Update: Venexia are available from Lancashire Games. Vexillia are now OOP though].<br />
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*Watchers of BBC's <i>Being Human</i> may remember that Orsha was where Hal made his, umm, lifestyle choice.Swampsterhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07273339036868534074noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1636347795968499033.post-59318047356823953102017-07-23T23:23:00.001+01:002023-05-01T11:32:03.727+01:00Bohemians, Hungarians and Poles<br />
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I have been steadily replacing the pictures which were stored on Photobucket. I thought I ought to add a few new things.</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhLabtrWwYGcZIptE_NWIo05JBTg1KqG7WlfcBoHG3vWtv6rYq3tDKhKSRQVpEs0mXM4pFxOyly4irrt5S2Yi0ZkeRFD-SGnJuHeDhBOwxK-fPODqAd6Gs_TV1stPxz1lFhMZfHagheTG8/s1600/DSCF1236.JPG" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="1600" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhLabtrWwYGcZIptE_NWIo05JBTg1KqG7WlfcBoHG3vWtv6rYq3tDKhKSRQVpEs0mXM4pFxOyly4irrt5S2Yi0ZkeRFD-SGnJuHeDhBOwxK-fPODqAd6Gs_TV1stPxz1lFhMZfHagheTG8/s640/DSCF1236.JPG" width="640" /></a></div>
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Some time a year or so ago, I thought I would add a few things to my 13th century Hungarians so that I could use them as 15th century Hungarians.</div>
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The knights were obviously ought of date, so I painted some new ones. I needed some Serbians, so that was new lead. </div>
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In fact, by the time I was finished, there was nothing from the 13th century army which was going to be used.</div>
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This post covers the infantry I used.</div>
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The best description of the 15th century Hungarian infantry is from Matthias Corvinus. <a href="http://myweb.tiscali.co.uk/matthaywood/main/Hungarian_Composition.htm#MercenaryInfantryoftheHunyadiera" target="_blank">Matt Haywood's useful site on Eastern European armies</a> of this period has the information so I won't repeat it.</div>
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This sounds to me very like the Bohemians portrayed in action against Maximilian just after the end of Corvinus's reign. This has been debated on the DBMM and DBM yahoo groups in some depth so I won't go into the pros and cons.</div>
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Bohemians found their way into a number of armies after the end of the main Hussite Wars. There were various opportunities for these experienced soldiers in Germany, Hungary, Poland and with the Teutonic Knights as well as in their native land which was wrangled over by the neighbouring states and local rulers.</div>
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Even though I think these men probably fought in a similar fashion for these various employers, the DBMM lists portray them in different ways. </div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi9qLOEH7bJ9jHraf3NsGHXeR_BHyut_UtCfZQqRStrdtevwVLZQ5x67a_DiPyYTIS3rJmf2mlPTWCNiUqN8kmijzflTNRwbiRZzmeob8jzRLtWmsWeFYW9LZwOjuPdQYfb2HLjE9d9n-0/s1600/DSCF1235.JPG" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="1600" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi9qLOEH7bJ9jHraf3NsGHXeR_BHyut_UtCfZQqRStrdtevwVLZQ5x67a_DiPyYTIS3rJmf2mlPTWCNiUqN8kmijzflTNRwbiRZzmeob8jzRLtWmsWeFYW9LZwOjuPdQYfb2HLjE9d9n-0/s320/DSCF1235.JPG" width="320" /></a>The Hungarian lists separates out the various parts described by Corvinus. The 'shield bearers' are spear elements. For these, I used Vexillia's own Polish pavise bearers. There are only two poses but it is enough IMHO. They are very easy to paint, with quite a lot of armour. </div>
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The pavises are from Minifigs. Not only do you get quite a lot for your money but they have no stand to get in the way. The shield designs are a mix of Bohemian and Hungarian origin, including some from Maximilian's victory parade. Some have St George, St Michael or David fighting Goliath, though on the battlefield the designs are very hard to see.</div>
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Various pictures of Maximilian's battle at Schoenberg </div>
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exist ncluding this: </div>
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As well as the various engravings of Schoenberg (aka Wenzenbach or the Bohmenschlacht), <a href="http://www.huismanfoto.eu/Album%20411%20Oosternijk%20Tirol%20Innsbruck%20kerken%203/slides/P1040524%20Oostenrijk%20Tirol%20Innsbruck%20Hofkirche%20graftombe%20relief%20130711.html" target="_blank">Maximilian's tomb</a> has an interesting representation. Maximilian and his men are shown in fashionable armour of some timeafter the battle but the Bohemian opponents are wearing more typical armour of the 1480s. The scene is dramatised but gives some idea of the variety of arms being used.<br />
See <a href="https://www.historisches-lexikon-bayerns.de/Lexikon/B%C3%B6hmische_S%C3%B6ldner" target="_blank">here</a> for another couple of portrayals of the battle as well as a discussion of the Hussite soldier (in German).</div>
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In the sidebar is a link to Uwe Tresp's work on the Bohemian soldier which covers their tactics, weaponry etc. through the 15th century.</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh98_ynJhzOP0IC0v-1HuNgmX5GPtztxndwk5u5O7xI7osQHiHVz56XsVZsCVg2BfoSZyBvzvqfdhb4ZeL1MhKcusxwKZA-QaLQa2kr5DwotLmy5-lCC9bT4ljjDNwGV1OpZ728WnWMvXk/s1600/DSCF1237.JPG" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="1600" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh98_ynJhzOP0IC0v-1HuNgmX5GPtztxndwk5u5O7xI7osQHiHVz56XsVZsCVg2BfoSZyBvzvqfdhb4ZeL1MhKcusxwKZA-QaLQa2kr5DwotLmy5-lCC9bT4ljjDNwGV1OpZ728WnWMvXk/s320/DSCF1237.JPG" width="320" /></a></div>
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The 'MM list also has some Blade elements. I'm currently using some of the Polish figures from QR miniatures which are part of their 13 years war range. The figures are pretty good though rather chunky compared to the Vexillia figures. Some of the other figures have what looks like a goedendag but I suspect it is an ahlspiess as shown on Maximilian's tomb. The QR figures may get replaced - I have a variety of Minifigs figures which match the size of the Vexillia figures better, and despite being old they have some character.</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjJGpM5aT_VCGJRMkUlX5KxI2Km3iDCzarq3sW5B5J1BFVitE3YCxybC8wJlhR-i4h554xstTNqLDW1EdhqERjtmn60bTGQeYOLxnDclyRbbv1cY-mRsISyWFf2AoprrApqzI4IfXb4KEo/s1600/DSCF1233.JPG" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="1600" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjJGpM5aT_VCGJRMkUlX5KxI2Km3iDCzarq3sW5B5J1BFVitE3YCxybC8wJlhR-i4h554xstTNqLDW1EdhqERjtmn60bTGQeYOLxnDclyRbbv1cY-mRsISyWFf2AoprrApqzI4IfXb4KEo/s320/DSCF1233.JPG" width="320" /></a></div>
The Polish, Hussite and German lists all have double based BwX with Bw behind. They appeared in the German and Hussite lists for the first time with the current edition and it caused a problem - they had inferior bow as a rear rank which isn't according to the rules. As it isn't clear what would happen in various circumstances, the tournament organisers have generally decided that they will cost and act as BwX/BwO. (Update: the DBMM lists printed by Lulu have altered the classification in this way).<br />
For those unfamiliar with DBx terminology, BwX usually represents a thin crust of shield bearers with some kind of melee weapon protecting larger numbers of shooters.<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEidN9dMbvdBRPUR0UFFwzA7lvU6kaWjCpiQgMJPh6JIO-owYj-PcSlX9RUosKLl-kkGj-BlD7iVk_pxJPfQ17_Og-h_tEqCE1uN_Rrt-181bbHPTS7Z_SgAS4ydg74VZvxu1RLpjxCPT7o/s1600/DSCF1234.JPG" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="1600" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEidN9dMbvdBRPUR0UFFwzA7lvU6kaWjCpiQgMJPh6JIO-owYj-PcSlX9RUosKLl-kkGj-BlD7iVk_pxJPfQ17_Og-h_tEqCE1uN_Rrt-181bbHPTS7Z_SgAS4ydg74VZvxu1RLpjxCPT7o/s320/DSCF1234.JPG" width="320" /></a>As I had already painted the late 15th style pavises for the Hungarians, I decided to go with more straightforward heraldry for these. I could have made some sabot bases to turn the spear into the front rank of the BwX but decided to go the whole hog.<br />
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The shield devices are city militia devices according to the very nice sheets of Polish and Teutonic heraldry like <a href="https://www.pinterest.co.uk/pin/467318898811918815/" target="_blank">here</a>.<br />
They have been made for the Tannenerg/Grunwald period whereas these figures are mid to late 15th century. Some are for towns which rebelled against the Teutonic Knights, allying themselves with the Polish king. In contrast to the rather busy designs on the later pavises, I used red and white designs almost exclusively.<br />
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The painting of the <a href="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e0/Autor_nieznany_%28malarz_z_kr%C4%99gu_Lukasa_Cranacha_Starszego%29%2C_Bitwa_pod_Orsz%C4%85.jpg" target="_blank">Battle of Orsha</a> shows Poles using a pavise and shooter combination in 1514. There are some debatable points about the accuracy of the painting but it is good to look at anyway.<br />
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I know comparison photos are often useful.<br />
These are handgunners - from the left:<br />
QR - QR, Mirliton - Donnington NE, Donnington NE - Mirliton.<br />
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The final Mirliton figure is noticeably smaller than the other figures which it came with. I think it was made for the Condotta range which has slightly smaller figures than the Swiss-Burgundian range.<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhyb7vIr02sS0HYzApwaTrSc6E4yWUGI7CpMTpG9q52Z8Z8duQNcM2khgGmZlggcwJa2yfKAcFTv_nyelqdxfDUP2dXWbt3lUYYxVPz3fcSB4nkJQA-GGztTgpUHEoEHdQe0rYTEwBmLTo/s1600/DSCF1247.JPG" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="1600" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhyb7vIr02sS0HYzApwaTrSc6E4yWUGI7CpMTpG9q52Z8Z8duQNcM2khgGmZlggcwJa2yfKAcFTv_nyelqdxfDUP2dXWbt3lUYYxVPz3fcSB4nkJQA-GGztTgpUHEoEHdQe0rYTEwBmLTo/s320/DSCF1247.JPG" width="320" /></a></div>
Crossbow men -<br />
from the left:<br />
Vexillia-Mirliton, QR - QR<br />
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<br />Swampsterhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07273339036868534074noreply@blogger.com3tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1636347795968499033.post-74315494012671358002017-07-01T01:01:00.001+01:002017-07-17T19:54:40.354+01:00Photobucket wipe out<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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Up until now, I've used Photobucket to host my pictures. With their change to T&Cs making the majority of the pictures here no longer visible, I shall need to update the links to a new host.<br />
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I'll try an make this the incentive to add some new content as well. I've had stern words from a couple of people I know telling me to get a grip as it has been a year since I've added anything, so I shall endeavour to do as I've been told :)<br />
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<br />Swampsterhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07273339036868534074noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1636347795968499033.post-66998430742226487142015-09-08T23:52:00.001+01:002017-07-18T16:36:42.483+01:00Maximilian, the Landsknechte and the Swiss<br />
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float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"></a><span style="background-color: #fff2cc;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"></span></span><a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/2Qigz_jRHi-RIdDTjNMYFmei--LMiVuXpE2BPuIHveAlK-_9Lhcn-gsXX-Ma3-OowSWLVYFbXcFR7VWVoGVpJjHobSB_jyranbWn0ou_qJoaNvSdamS-W5dO9gwn9HiJo6C3Mo8MjFBF43renl2GPdkQ36memXxIj14Xm3ga0EJDIFZLJpa2s61_WuEcTUkcWl0HQqATzucLEnSGuQ4ILxErCDbnm590kNZ5ofyjsU6XcdjDHzD2FYan8RwsEhc6JvTxY1j-YJIFf-fo243DJHV8v9Aiiowg5vb-r1x4IEDBmTP6Psh0XvRmrMxSFGpAHJQnv2v2sZqAHI6GmNLKuRC9yMY1XQhkwv9ovfGmq1d3nSAd31gc3zAiezsYMnT8dgTmyVStpvRRmxD3iKY8qtmwhGh9PaMP7C4qgl26t1ep1ydutWqRL5iGpJNjoK6WrTvLtqAu5c92K0lUHGIywn2oDIGq-6mvxiLmVIQkq832bJjBRN0t6jQXeIasom0H9rKPu2XPcIBOzvYcXV15QIo=w1921-h866-no" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="background-color: #fff2cc;"><span style="color: black; font-family: inherit;"></span></span></a><a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/UP2eXbDmCzGDVBUlWUUCeK89x7JBB41QGtNxBdDzexaJuVHNK1pS98OxD6TsQKDP52W-SisLzj5sqwGphl3CRZBJW-8QXxuacYS-eaRlfU7Fmp-EYvThmrTKCWN9qPmLjNnnd7ce5bQV56tDtWroKSaE9R0jICcsk6qOPsMtieuj-iE_Rr8WaGt-dkvObaZQaNkAAxObNk86uyt_ALeAma0aDCObIaT3ukdMgmoQiLAmNBeUai9wRRwpiryz57QXtl62mYW1ynkM1C9lsQ71OyPxgIXwRj71D26vrB-Jh13gp7W37VaKZBhO3zgPCYGs3gQ5FMAwm1M_RveANUG69_FOUVAlBHSdo2DlbNkzBZhdAGfffHXDMP3pb1Z0gGzyF5VV8v-j9XsBgV9rKPniRV_Ox2GV4DGd4CGWayeFAMCcAD3h-jW_sTEtd23lWRTLExuOOFQdhrNzMcEFobao03ZJmc2Lid1ee_jkI7iAnzLtH0zEQeV8TIC5Qx2C9XkDRcrm4_GK8QhhrPpgj7nz3Y4=w1639-h955-no" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; 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<span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="background-color: #fff2cc; letter-spacing: 0.1px;">As I said in a previous post, I have wanted to do some Italian Wars figures for a long time. </span></span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiofDkAgwzmfQMnbgj65VYAHZFg7Ny2I3S9kTF_oRfj_MaepBLdboOavkWIbEsKALncZ7TbSVVR2lmu0tuB3Aoby4Im2c99BezUXKWJ7YuNbzLZ0BzqLrHVP62QyA94gi1e9IOTlYlszvc/s1600/740a5b2e-e8a5-4bb2-825a-78df74facab3.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="369" data-original-width="500" height="236" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiofDkAgwzmfQMnbgj65VYAHZFg7Ny2I3S9kTF_oRfj_MaepBLdboOavkWIbEsKALncZ7TbSVVR2lmu0tuB3Aoby4Im2c99BezUXKWJ7YuNbzLZ0BzqLrHVP62QyA94gi1e9IOTlYlszvc/s320/740a5b2e-e8a5-4bb2-825a-78df74facab3.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="background-color: #fff2cc; letter-spacing: 0.1px;">One of the spurs was that Venexia were going out of production and the UK supplier was selling off the stock. Since these are some of my favourite looking figures, I decided to buy a good number of the various types of cavalry.</span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="background-color: #fff2cc; letter-spacing: 0.1px;">Hopefully, the range will see the light of day again but various issues have delayed their re-release by the new owners of the moulds.</span></span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjtx96zyYpus2KUlQ-wwaRIITQ-XBUCnJhletsZa6ha0BOB5rqEr48fW7stV9mFLzK7LvTFTulJcDTEmEnU0C4e3oTYmi12SLEKmMd6HyK4STd3W6rqy1qpqx6YjA0idgz-PRf_-laz2y4/s1600/DSCF1179.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="310" data-original-width="500" height="198" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjtx96zyYpus2KUlQ-wwaRIITQ-XBUCnJhletsZa6ha0BOB5rqEr48fW7stV9mFLzK7LvTFTulJcDTEmEnU0C4e3oTYmi12SLEKmMd6HyK4STd3W6rqy1qpqx6YjA0idgz-PRf_-laz2y4/s320/DSCF1179.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgNdK4CNkD9bHe4EiT47qOJuDhxW6O99hc-JduW6TrwWowE5sWfYnWK0ixYYgu_qxpslHRdVFMdLShPaHv_FIkuKUlKVFiFTB_gVprTqhAZCXaGDt3E3TJ8ihm0S6EAChXFj8ZI-fxx49c/s1600/DSCF1179b.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="551" data-original-width="500" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgNdK4CNkD9bHe4EiT47qOJuDhxW6O99hc-JduW6TrwWowE5sWfYnWK0ixYYgu_qxpslHRdVFMdLShPaHv_FIkuKUlKVFiFTB_gVprTqhAZCXaGDt3E3TJ8ihm0S6EAChXFj8ZI-fxx49c/s320/DSCF1179b.jpg" width="290" /></a><span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: inherit; letter-spacing: 0.1px;"><br /></span>
<span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: inherit; letter-spacing: 0.1px;">The above photo is mostly of Venexia figures. Knights in sallets are from Mirliton. I gave some of these a green stuff skirt which was fashionable from around the start of the Italian Wars. </span><br />
<span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: inherit; letter-spacing: 0.1px;"><br /></span><span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: inherit; letter-spacing: 0.1px;">The trumpeter is from Mirliton - he has a new hat and feathers added to give more of the 'Triumphzug' look. </span><br />
<a href="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/8F5jrhEF3VXU5_w_UKL_fndhTVqjmFvOg4QVuX2esL0WkI8Z60PIJkOG13DL_tD6WZar4drW24TSdQH-vhb3U2wqBANViLp4vdKTnTBAF3e1vzQFUs2HIdD3w-wQ-gsaWMNptms4k12LdN4U_L-l8v6jVe0lxh-w5DnZOMFOaYuFsqM-QTrDx-6q0zTwYSzoStkcYhOAu2d5ITpRi_k0KZTEzgnXgQJtLx4jEhrNQumX3niMPAp5PhmmJv9GXLvXCgEQ_m5Ba1DyxTaWdGDlwMDcntlhljE2zhl2aJgCsVrngxKH5VxRoNjd5IPLzIg5oBolM-5W7hT2Lr4VoCNSz1OE7JDcEsm2WDn-N3e4zlM5LmWCafN5SWUG4_QSbRntVaL64bGA6oKJnFPBat008o0zvf5QdNxyJoWTsVrQfB3xH5F7D8vQla3EkKgASkF0Tq0NwlXBB-0M6yQxfEf7U0dt4QV94zvso9roOwCp8XeRJ8dw_6yD6Kx9NdSt8jJmI8tIRjedCRPZ2ZHT8yxfNKg=w547-h955-no" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><span style="background-color: #fff2cc; color: black;"></span></a><span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: inherit; letter-spacing: 0.1px;">The 'candy cane' lance look is very popular with wargamers but may have been rather more restricted in reality. They do appear like this when used for banners such as in various of Diebold Schilling the Youngers illustrations.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="background-color: #fff2cc; letter-spacing: 0.1px;">My main sources for the troops of Maximilian are given in the last post. </span></span><br />
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<a href="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/vfKmyrF6XcT6EaFmzvVuEm7Eq0U0Q8zjvOUf478xAVBMG2jkTnFlmn_bmXNjWWOHvIbmjz3sJWt6xLQGEhhoyRym6IU-L40CwlVEg49pVOuLSlMMmkiC-Rwbhuwe30C5YfQrSPl3CDnzqgkPz-A1NrjSpE7014e331lVmLUbm9mrsuqePA29PoTtVxmaTJZDI3ADtGhqPH_aiuCMI-egVTk_B6QVOqf-IA6stGReigJzJWaXEiKi_IgsYSM8TnAgbP-fngCMwj0ojScjsaacFOKyv5VLoJ5MJ95Fq-N3MLmOs09Chs27WjzBVwTiUXfYZCqjL4kB8XPJFtjds3bGbpKSAIvbr5RHsi2sZWKmuOUcBWslqFXDi7esmBwexTNazUMEZq7_TQjXnhORXnB47UlnHQU16TrMOqeSCc42Mjiwvo2ijgZ5Z25oRndXLrYNKKF7TcS7Fz0bqCM8dKmI_ijVJlr3p7st3plbQM71ukiHe6vvdsuWO99sJh1ywdyump9RgW_dqO8m-SMmisU-WVs=w1274-h956-no" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="background-color: #fff2cc; color: black;"></span></a></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEikVflpoRN5diuO34ku6xs7ZjerCL17rvWyjaeCmPlSaAQyOhfRPIThyphenhyphendAHsO2aMKDofa41kf1BPzgoK1Q7smVf6PAqiWt2c6JBRbNWl8YjXCixruim-npWWzlqYTtCs2U17016JmPIHXY/s1600/DSCF1172.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="375" data-original-width="500" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEikVflpoRN5diuO34ku6xs7ZjerCL17rvWyjaeCmPlSaAQyOhfRPIThyphenhyphendAHsO2aMKDofa41kf1BPzgoK1Q7smVf6PAqiWt2c6JBRbNWl8YjXCixruim-npWWzlqYTtCs2U17016JmPIHXY/s320/DSCF1172.jpg" width="320" /></a><span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: inherit; letter-spacing: 0.1px;">Landsknechte from Old Glory 15s. One feature that marks them as Hapsburg is that they have St Andrew's cross slashing on many of the figures.</span><br />
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<span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: inherit; letter-spacing: 0.1px;">Most of the standard bearers have the flags in a single hand as in most period pictures. Command packs are sold separately and are rather large. You may be able to negotiate buying smaller numbers with OG though if you are having a decent sized block then plenty of command adds to the look.</span><br />
<span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: inherit; letter-spacing: 0.1px;">I mixed swordsmen and halberdiers into the front ranks for the visual appeal. They are also on some of the command stands so that the full blocks have mostly pikes to front and sides with halberds and swords around the banners and drums.</span><br />
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<a href="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/kxo5ag7AgRTgVKtLafWvVDT66DwQ26YB7Eo-oPHKP-7VhZySOe1uhwOgaeoGvBXCCWEzjpRNeVlTZI7x6Sla72y2b1bS53bazdsmyPsiaTGsK6MsgxGmSXFHwpPlY7xiCs9PJ67G90lyJChnPDueauWW87vOTaRhq0IEHYDskK8UwRyZAHqzigeXQIt7Lg8Z1XD-Ey9RN0eA8lint9NIDszohXOqnO6z1CkwKRV_indyhChhkZOT8DDqB8X2oG_gkSj9KwrB3Jf82I9Sup4xNisRX6tr65QMgDr-8t3_0o0gvI4Lsjm5z3rwRnDWk1ry9oe01J4YGbRX6M2z6okvnqwQt6Iq9yBPgKFjjINkrOMmKKBLEhLt8fUhHgJVAo5inEDRJW6HFb_G-cC-QEnqUgzltymTLbYzRaBMVyF13TE5eH9i7CVHOTuvRuYJs5FdGmCuB3PdSSJwObzXWVPjR9XjzjIVI2h3Io26fdxElM9GyHAelhYrEQ5Y270diqokSAk2breJg36vJAeIKJHVjQY=w789-h617-no" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><span style="background-color: #fff2cc; color: black;"></span></a><span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: inherit; letter-spacing: 0.1px;">An attempt at peacock feathers. </span><br />
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<span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: inherit; letter-spacing: 0.1px;">Talking of banners, the photography makes the shades of white stand out more than they do in real life. They also lose the texture. I've recently started using some water damaged tracing paper which has a nice crumpled texture. It also makes doing the opposite sides easier. They have sturdier than the strong tissue I used for my Byzantines. </span><br />
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<a href="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/wmCq2JCAf1H0uD0dj9rJhL43b_IL4Qq9VsCKkrCwGCqYfaeXRZyG1hs-PGEoSTw8HTsH2qeSATlElZMQ2zmZHU-8QNjtEz6HvGybc9B9b405ZMLc108ZVlH8LjRg1o8wQb1U4Qje2LZxcnedrfsaoFiyyUIE-9UladxkUskIMxBTEqgIxFiWofeFiEeTKTPBEd6lum7MukikeSyo7hAkr9JpkNlgQwzVULDcWSPXAibNTalJQzhzaOtrlsCOQ0fmFI3krcYy2ZHD091fbPEegZUbzW1V9PjPkSSMTxErsQsLY5UXLPDTkN6j3wCHgY5hsmW2Cie2SXmCgyEX0p0Z0dHclnKE3et48qB5zrxCsPAMFbFAh-PYnTM4suMLWKsh1ClDDSs26F93gg_gKr_e17o0pEK3PKBbcKj1hO33bQkyg8Odeiaml_fOGxfIMXh9r9a9LneL-OSBLR9HVXgS2m98kL89CTf-ymtwdbIz92mRCbmjDS8pOpB8TOQeut2SBp9ehvff3cfazzQxzIltAhw=w1274-h955-no" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><span style="background-color: #fff2cc; color: black;"></span></a><span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: inherit; letter-spacing: 0.1px;">Old Glory crossbowmen. The red flag in the foreground was carried by the forlorn hope. The flag in the rear is carried by some of Maximilian's mercenaries in <a href="http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/en/kol/S0023-2/386/0/Sequence-1291" target="_blank">Schilling the Younger</a>.</span><br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Luzern, Korporation Luzern, S 23 fol., p. 386 – Illustrated Chronicle by Diebold Schilling of Lucerne (Luzerner Schillling) (http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/en/list/one/kol/S0023-2)</td></tr>
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<a href="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/z6N-koPMxKx3q6UtH8VY9unAztQMAlL7ouKfwXCz1Ze2rSMlQzQY_CcmDFk_8_tnfVPHkTG_GzMLLk6VvqZs8VluixC41QQd5lfTP9Bn_d-yQ1sIwFkLy5pgjiXrpl3mHcu2i6pk7WTDL0jH4haZ9zbeokSZz_8mgoFlh-dmx2WhFYYXXO5IWyQ8nsbVPx1eVmRZuVr2LcIG6iDFjfN1_IFBzr4RalIvQCLcw_K396IODKpI7aM3lxP9l00bWeakk2sgT6Vt0IALJjvu7hBdkZjl18pxr9u4f_eF1qZ5XvRtI2cPlSsdiTzGx-k6MAs2XRT7SXamJzM7xUXtZXIOahzjpi4CezhN7tPJq1S2SOuWuERB-kwGam29YIJ-VSAMTlXFzGmD3x2S7SuzvbthQxibJSIzzCt9ShPMC7tQj3L_WnTk26DHl6DRF9CTdjarr7SIX6OjEzPAtx50mwLcJUYHJF5BhNx5DmzShah79DEVT98uBB7AKxuaZjwlXIhCI-nlOFFcBlZ33CWnVqhk5_Q=w1274-h956-no" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="background-color: #fff2cc; color: black;"></span></a><span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: inherit; letter-spacing: 0.1px;">Old Glory arquebusiers. The flag is another carried by some of Maximilian's men in <a href="http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/en/kol/S0023-2/521/0/Sequence-1291" target="_blank">Schilling</a> and <a href="http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/en/kol/S0023-2/366/0/Sequence-1291" target="_blank">here</a></span><br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgJJc5fn3asFoHl5JaBeXVAr3Gf-cNLHYapjcOfYkXVkhLAE8RjzJdQ-ne6vpIeIpviZNNC1ep-5hOfKLg4BJ3VDzYQn58Djvz1Tga5fBSpZQS7W4jyJM4umK8yIvtZma9SFa_sJFp52lk/s1600/e-codices_kol-S0023-2_521_small.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="223" data-original-width="189" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgJJc5fn3asFoHl5JaBeXVAr3Gf-cNLHYapjcOfYkXVkhLAE8RjzJdQ-ne6vpIeIpviZNNC1ep-5hOfKLg4BJ3VDzYQn58Djvz1Tga5fBSpZQS7W4jyJM4umK8yIvtZma9SFa_sJFp52lk/s1600/e-codices_kol-S0023-2_521_small.jpg" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/en/kol/S0023-2/366/0/Sequence-1291" style="font-size: medium; letter-spacing: 0.1px; text-align: start;" target="_blank"><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="font-size: 12.8px;"><span style="background-color: #edece9; color: #333333; font-family: "open sans" , sans-serif; font-size: 12px; letter-spacing: 0.1px;">Luzern, Korporation Luzern, S 23 fol., p. 521 – Illustrated Chronicle by Diebold Schilling of Lucerne (Luzerner Schillling) (http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/en/list/one/kol/S0023-2)</span></td></tr>
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<a href="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/Lbzc7Va5nTPhjFXbLkLbVmm4lMipwpIfUZqd20RSuGbpXTQOR02u1wX9ncxUUjo9MC21au9lOyV0K6ZKSJV8SMY9w62YDwYr4by21WaYgLl6l_uTpxZTQxyDHW_IGGuXpPxN_L4KtRkW5LXrTdbcRHCY_pk0FE22DpJ3VOhCunXILToOcVeUTd4UP1UXh_Q_qsry91qudjO8brKFJdxLcmy2W0PoY-RFrMP0u498ube1kP6pmNmYT07342QGRZQNaQmS3gPan0DsowwOdCoX2udqXhI3-e47xyZgM-lNGy2SdeP7PMDG_VsYlSfGs4IYU6S9BBqsFNCeBGeJSlNbDJBcDFS4HFILog5x9uf4qeGsHZU9gHLY3_rgi3g5ij2UEzbhr4sf2UM5nrCoi3MOT6jzyr6bXcHziYNN4vxcCCyuVjbKA0tJ4sxRcu_32jLAVws-KK6zmilIQUONPeJ_KudJwcx0vW0gF_DvQni_3SYPe1mEXqlnUVUxgYraMRgxy9eiMfbPSPM4-ftDId7Be1c=w1920-h928-no" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><span style="background-color: #fff2cc; color: black;"></span></a>
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<a href="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/2Qigz_jRHi-RIdDTjNMYFmei--LMiVuXpE2BPuIHveAlK-_9Lhcn-gsXX-Ma3-OowSWLVYFbXcFR7VWVoGVpJjHobSB_jyranbWn0ou_qJoaNvSdamS-W5dO9gwn9HiJo6C3Mo8MjFBF43renl2GPdkQ36memXxIj14Xm3ga0EJDIFZLJpa2s61_WuEcTUkcWl0HQqATzucLEnSGuQ4ILxErCDbnm590kNZ5ofyjsU6XcdjDHzD2FYan8RwsEhc6JvTxY1j-YJIFf-fo243DJHV8v9Aiiowg5vb-r1x4IEDBmTP6Psh0XvRmrMxSFGpAHJQnv2v2sZqAHI6GmNLKuRC9yMY1XQhkwv9ovfGmq1d3nSAd31gc3zAiezsYMnT8dgTmyVStpvRRmxD3iKY8qtmwhGh9PaMP7C4qgl26t1ep1ydutWqRL5iGpJNjoK6WrTvLtqAu5c92K0lUHGIywn2oDIGq-6mvxiLmVIQkq832bJjBRN0t6jQXeIasom0H9rKPu2XPcIBOzvYcXV15QIo=w1921-h866-no" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="background-color: #fff2cc; color: black;"></span></a><span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: inherit; letter-spacing: 0.1px;">Maximilian married Mary of Burgundy after the death of her father, Charles the Bold. Their daughter, Margaret, was regent of the Low Countries and was still using English archers in the early 16th century - 1500 were sent to help against Guelders for instance. (see <a href="https://archive.org/stream/annalsofenglandt00stow#page/n843/mode/2up" target="_blank">Stow's Annals</a>) where they joined an army of 10000. The DBMM list assumes that the Burgundian Ordonnance lance structure was still in place until the end of list in 1506, though with slightly fewer archers per knight. I think the 'MM list could be continued until the end of the covered period i.e. 1515 since Margaret continued as regent with a good deal of independence until then.</span><br />
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<span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: inherit; letter-spacing: 0.1px;">There are some archers in the '<a href="https://books.google.co.uk/books/reader?id=l1RaAAAAYAAJ&printsec=frontcover&output=reader&pg=GBS.RA1-PA126" target="_blank">Weiss kunig</a>' though at least some are likely English.</span><br />
<span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: inherit; letter-spacing: 0.1px;">The <a href="http://camisado1500s.blogspot.co.uk/2015_08_01_archive.html" target="_blank">Camisado blog</a> has a collection of Weiss Kunig plates showing archers. Some are carrying Burgundian saltires but may actually be English at Guinegatte in 1513.</span><br />
<span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: inherit; letter-spacing: 0.1px;">In others, English seem to be shown in different costume, such as kettle hats. One plate shows the archers looking like Landsknechte.</span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiQpvRcAyBCAeQ3Pb4z9mK9glAYM6u57jf_-mFe_2wbNWfETvHMZQgm38Agskyr9bgBwge22cF5XVqoX04ILaNiZSVCypX-KMn-PpSuES12sSD5ekLO-pStOX848-lBFTFdS9Ed3IJ0KAI/s1600/Archers.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="722" data-original-width="1600" height="144" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiQpvRcAyBCAeQ3Pb4z9mK9glAYM6u57jf_-mFe_2wbNWfETvHMZQgm38Agskyr9bgBwge22cF5XVqoX04ILaNiZSVCypX-KMn-PpSuES12sSD5ekLO-pStOX848-lBFTFdS9Ed3IJ0KAI/s320/Archers.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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<span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: inherit; letter-spacing: 0.1px;">I used Freikorp/QRF/TSS figures for these. I like them though they are slightly 'old school' compared to most of my figures. There is a mixture of Burgundian and early Tudor figures.</span><br />
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<span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: inherit; letter-spacing: 0.1px;">The yellow and red is said by Stow to be the livery of the Duke of Burgundy - perhaps Margaret's own. Poynings' men received new coats of this red and yellow along with Henry VIII's white and green. How this was arranged isn't clear, only that "these four colours were 'medled' together." They received these coats after campaigning in Guelders so did not wear them in action.</span><br />
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<span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: inherit; letter-spacing: 0.1px;"><span style="font-family: inherit; letter-spacing: 0.1px;">Old Glory artillery. The gun colours come from various sources including Maximilian's zeugbuch. </span></span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhJPUZDTiINg7Jv_Di3vtN-KCvcueqOhPTqCsVe5UGZvftUzWvojjN2kPPdXqKcdm-UZfevCGjQsTtaiNsuyVOLVwU3eJvrZooQLHmx0E9Q_h2p_9TDMCWA4VRMsWDxQ75eJJGEhAp16iw/s1600/DSCF1175.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="241" data-original-width="500" height="154" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhJPUZDTiINg7Jv_Di3vtN-KCvcueqOhPTqCsVe5UGZvftUzWvojjN2kPPdXqKcdm-UZfevCGjQsTtaiNsuyVOLVwU3eJvrZooQLHmx0E9Q_h2p_9TDMCWA4VRMsWDxQ75eJJGEhAp16iw/s320/DSCF1175.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
<span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: inherit; letter-spacing: 0.1px;"><br /></span><span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: inherit; letter-spacing: 0.1px;">When Margaret campaigned against Guelders, there were apparently 36 English serpentines as well as Poynings' archers. These are given individual names in <a href="https://archive.org/stream/annalsofenglandt00stow#page/n843/mode/2up" target="_blank">Stow</a>, such as the Antelope, the Cockatrice, the Mermaid, the Rose and the Normandy.</span><br />
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<span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: inherit; letter-spacing: 0.1px;">For much of the period, Maximilian and the Swiss were on opposing sides. Things particularly came to a head with the Swabian War which really ended any pretensions that the cantons were part of the Empire.</span><br />
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<a href="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/UP2eXbDmCzGDVBUlWUUCeK89x7JBB41QGtNxBdDzexaJuVHNK1pS98OxD6TsQKDP52W-SisLzj5sqwGphl3CRZBJW-8QXxuacYS-eaRlfU7Fmp-EYvThmrTKCWN9qPmLjNnnd7ce5bQV56tDtWroKSaE9R0jICcsk6qOPsMtieuj-iE_Rr8WaGt-dkvObaZQaNkAAxObNk86uyt_ALeAma0aDCObIaT3ukdMgmoQiLAmNBeUai9wRRwpiryz57QXtl62mYW1ynkM1C9lsQ71OyPxgIXwRj71D26vrB-Jh13gp7W37VaKZBhO3zgPCYGs3gQ5FMAwm1M_RveANUG69_FOUVAlBHSdo2DlbNkzBZhdAGfffHXDMP3pb1Z0gGzyF5VV8v-j9XsBgV9rKPniRV_Ox2GV4DGd4CGWayeFAMCcAD3h-jW_sTEtd23lWRTLExuOOFQdhrNzMcEFobao03ZJmc2Lid1ee_jkI7iAnzLtH0zEQeV8TIC5Qx2C9XkDRcrm4_GK8QhhrPpgj7nz3Y4=w1639-h955-no" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="background-color: #fff2cc; color: black;"></span></a><span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: inherit; letter-spacing: 0.1px;">These are Khurasan figures. Some of the figures have Swiss crosses moulded onto their armour or as slashing.</span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgptXuCfeTJoAXwG9cGZXNSO_kKnMMBPrJKckr0vU93Ifdn5LEyLFc0IE_rvwe6ccz1HTKiJlyTnro_seM7AC_XT2r_KF3Oh5dYzdTkk9QXoRVtwf1dDfEVx54LDT33-iis_rjpdte-EmY/s1600/DSCF1171.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="349" data-original-width="600" height="186" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgptXuCfeTJoAXwG9cGZXNSO_kKnMMBPrJKckr0vU93Ifdn5LEyLFc0IE_rvwe6ccz1HTKiJlyTnro_seM7AC_XT2r_KF3Oh5dYzdTkk9QXoRVtwf1dDfEVx54LDT33-iis_rjpdte-EmY/s320/DSCF1171.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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<span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: inherit; letter-spacing: 0.1px;">Most of the standard bearers are converted pikemen. The way he holds his pike makes it easy to give him a one handed banner. Flags are hand painted.</span><br />
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<span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: inherit; letter-spacing: 0.1px;">The figures are rather smaller than the Old Glory landsknechte. This is exaggerated both by the slighter build and the very thin base of the Khurasan figures.</span><br />
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<span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: inherit; letter-spacing: 0.1px;">I only have enough Swiss to be able to provide an ally for the French. I have bought some of the Donnington Swiss for using in earlier periods. I shall paint these with far more use of cantonal colours as shown in some of the chronicles.</span><br />
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<span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: inherit; letter-spacing: 0.1px;">Some of the 15th and early 15th century Swiss chronicles:</span><br />
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<span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: inherit; letter-spacing: 0.1px;">Werner Schodoler, Eidgenössische Chronik</span><br />
<a href="http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/en/stab/0002/94r"><span style="background-color: #fff2cc; color: black; font-family: inherit;">http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/en/stab/0002/94r</span></a><br />
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<span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: inherit;">Schilling</span><br />
<span style="background-color: #fff2cc; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">- Spiezer Chronicle</span></span><br />
<span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: inherit;"><a href="http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/en/list/one/bbb/Mss-hh-I0016" target="_blank">http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/en/list/one/bbb/Mss-hh-I0016</a></span><br />
<span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: inherit;">- Bern Chronicle </span><br />
<span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: inherit;"><a href="http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/en/list/one/bbb/Mss-hh-I0001" target="_blank">http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/en/list/one/bbb/Mss-hh-I0001</a></span><br />
<span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: inherit;"><a href="http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/en/list/one/bbb/Mss-hh-I0002" target="_blank">http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/en/list/one/bbb/Mss-hh-I0002</a></span><br />
<span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: inherit;"><a href="http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/en/list/one/bbb/Mss-hh-I0003" target="_blank">http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/en/list/one/bbb/Mss-hh-I0003</a></span><br />
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<span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: inherit;">Schilling the Younger</span><br />
<span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: inherit;">- Luzern Chronicle</span><br />
<span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: inherit;"><a href="http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/en/list/one/kol/S0023-2" target="_blank">http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/en/list/one/kol/S0023-2</a> </span><br />
<br />Swampsterhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07273339036868534074noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1636347795968499033.post-23492375456343906212015-08-28T21:19:00.002+01:002017-07-02T15:11:00.725+01:00Maximilian on the Road<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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A couple of years ago, I decided to branch out a little from the two areas which this blog has covered so far.<br />
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Decades back, I had some Italian Wars figures and I decided I'd have a go at the period again. I wanted to include landsknechte, but they had to be suitable for the end period of DBMM i.e. 1515. I looked at various options and the most sensible would have been to go for something from around 1500, before all the slashing took hold. I wasn't even sure if this style of clothing would be within the period.<br />
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I looked around at the sources and kept bumping into three particular period pieces made for the Emperor Maximilian. These were the paintings showing the '<a href="http://bdh-rd.bne.es/viewer.vm?id=0000012553&page=1" target="_blank">Triumphzug</a>'* (a triumphal procession), the '<a href="https://books.google.co.uk/books/reader?id=l1RaAAAAYAAJ&printsec=frontcover&output=reader&pg=GBS.RA1-PA105" target="_blank">Weisskunig</a>' and '<a href="http://www.wdl.org/en/item/8974/" target="_blank">Theuerdank</a>'. All three were from the end of his reign with the majority of the illustrations completed by 1515. While some of the pictures are fanciful, landsknechte were shown in the slashed tunics pretty much as worn by the figures from Old Glory 15s. Some of the armoured figures have helmets which are probably a bit late but I liked them enough to include them. The trousers in the prints tend to be more fashionably ragged than the OG figures but at least the figures aren't in the much later <i>pluderhosen</i>.<br />
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The figures duly sat in the lead mountain for a while but I decided to paint them to use at this year's Burton DBMM doubles competition. I'll try to take some shots of those in the next day or so.<br />
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When I used the army, I had some generic late medieval looking cars for the baggage but I didn't think they suited the army. What they needed was some of the baggage shown in the Triumphzug. When I decided to take the army to Britcon, I used the time I would normally need for last minute painting to have a go at some conversions.<br />
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The first two wagons are more or less straight out of the bag Magister Militum examples. The only change is that I have moved the axles - medieval and early renaissance wagons seemed to put the rear axle nearer the back than seen on later types, even though much of the rest of the construction is the same.<br />
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The horses are from Irregular miniatures. I was going to use some Magister Militum figures on foot to lead the horses but the pictures show the drivers almost always riding. I cast around in the lead mountain and found some Welsh mounted longbowmen in a suitable pose. They were given a variety of greenstuff hats, puffed sleeves and capes plus a wire whip.<br />
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I thought some street furniture would look nice and used some items from this <a href="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1c/Nuremberg_chronicles_-_Nuremberga.png" target="_blank">print of Nuremburg</a>. The cross has the 'arma Christi' - the spear and sponge from the crucifixion. It is made from strips of wood - a first attempt in plastic strip looked like it would snap as soon as was inconvenient. The stone shrine is made of greenstuff and square section polystyrene.<br />
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<a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/uSQU52kR_pIzW0Hz_3Wigh46uIXknf-ryWd0cfiNoCU=w976-h732-no" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="239" src="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/uSQU52kR_pIzW0Hz_3Wigh46uIXknf-ryWd0cfiNoCU=w976-h732-no" width="320" /></a>The last wagon uses some spare wheels which I think may be Magister Militum left over from my Flemish wagon laager. It carries the barrel of a siege gun. The original painting shows another cart with what looks like the carriage, wheels etc. The barrel is made from greenstuff though I'd have done better to start with a plastic or wooden centre. The ropes are made from twisted wire.<br />
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So many renaissance pictures show a rather gruesome side of life that I thought I'd have a go at portraying. Breaking on the wheel was used as a punishment for various things; the offenders being tied to a wheel while they had their limbs<br />
smashed with an iron bar then being hoisted up as a warning to others, dying a lingering death if they had not been able to bribe the torturer first for a quick end.<br />
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The wheel is a Langley offering, the victim and ravens are greenstuff. I couldn't make my mind up what to do about the wire for the flying bird - it stands out less against a wargames table. I should probably have attached the wire to the wheel instead.<br />
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Several scenes of the Weisskunig show execution scenes. I already had a spare swordsman so I thought I'd have a go at making the victim using a wire armature. He came out a bit chubby but I was fairly pleased overall. The header picture shows the end result.<br />
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There was one thing on the Triumphzug that I really wanted to do and knew that I couldn't have got right so I needed to buy the basic figure for a conversion. One of the<a href="http://bdh-rd.bne.es/viewer.vm?id=0000012553&page=97" target="_blank"> last scenes</a> shows camp followers and one of them is leading a pack goat which seems to be carrying pots and pans.<br />
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I haven't yet seen anyone with one of these in their baggage so I thought it was a must. I had to wait until Britcon to get one from Donnington. He came with a goat herd who became the figure next to the goat on the painting. He has been converted to have a bit more of a stoop as well as gaining a large pack. There is some kind of creature on the pack - I'm still not sure if it is a cat, a dog or even a fox as different versions show it slightly differently. Mine does have the animal but it is so small that you wouldn't really know.<br />
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Also on the base is a pack donkey. This is an Essex mule but his pack has been made larger to fit the look of the <a href="http://bdh-rd.bne.es/viewer.vm?id=0000012553&page=96" target="_blank">painting</a>. I've also extended the ears though the attempts to make the mane look like a donkey's didn't work.<br />
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I had a couple of spare pack horses and these were given the pay chests. They should be mules going by the painting but I decided to keep them as horses. The horses are by Donnington with the chests coming from one of the Donnington wagon packs and the blankets made from greenstuff. Their driver is also from Donnington with a suitable hat added.<br />
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The last couple of items are Baueda tents. <br />
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The first is painted as shown for Maximilian's meeting with Henry VIII in 1513 as in the <a href="https://www.royalcollection.org.uk/collection/405800/the-meeting-of-henry-viii-and-the-emperor-maximilian-i" target="_blank">Royal Collection</a>.<br />
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Incidentally, according to Stow, Maximilian's tabard in the above link is black for the mourning of the Empress. Maximilian, writing in 1512, asks his daughter to ensure that mourning is worn by his family and various officials in the Netherlands. He does not seem to have cared greatly for Bianca but at least gave the appearance of mourning.<br />
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The second has the arms of Austria and Styria as shown in Maximilian's <a href="http://www.wdl.org/en/item/8971/view/1/45/" target="_blank">Book of Armaments</a>.<br />
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<a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/ZTN5UrWIiNfiL2BkRrttmSITOn6Qx5ZyhcFIpAEBMIg=w1274-h956-no" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="150" src="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/ZTN5UrWIiNfiL2BkRrttmSITOn6Qx5ZyhcFIpAEBMIg=w1274-h956-no" width="200" /></a><br />
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*The link to the Triumphzug shows the version in Spain. The German version can be found <a href="http://sammlungenonline.albertina.at/?query=record/objectnumber=[25208]&showtype=record#c2241f0c-d35b-419c-8cd1-6a6a29206475" target="_blank">here</a> but a search for Maximilian or similar needs to be entered. The sketches used for making the print blocks can also be seen here, with some features which didn't make it to the final version.Swampsterhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07273339036868534074noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1636347795968499033.post-62379646004593177342015-04-04T10:57:00.000+01:002015-04-05T10:00:36.880+01:00Links updatedI've added various Italian histories and chronicles to the links section. Some are in English translation, others in Italian.Swampsterhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07273339036868534074noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1636347795968499033.post-51636328473475288682015-01-24T00:09:00.000+00:002015-01-24T00:12:08.180+00:00The Montaperti Battlefield 2Some more photos of the area around the Montaperti battlefield.<br />
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This is the ridge which continues roughly south of Monselvoli. The photo was taken from the top of one of the curious mounds which can be found at various points. I suspect these are a combination of mineral outcrops added to with shifted material.<br />
The apartment blocks are part of Arbia and are roughly north west of the camera position, The river is around 400m beyond and Siena is in the distance. There is direct line of sight with the city so the tale of a keen eyed observer watching the battle from a tower are not infeasible. The steepness of the slope can be judged.<br />
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Slightly south of the previous panorama. The mound I mentioned above can be seen. The line of trees beyond the green field shows the position of the river. There is virtually no flat land between the river and the start of the slope anywhere south of the village. The fairly new apartments have been built on land which appears to have been partially levelled.<br />
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Slightly north of the first panorama. The mound can again be seen. As a sense of scale the path around it was at least 2m wide.<br />
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This is around half a mile to the south east. It shows the ridge shown in the other photos from the eastern side.<br />
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When playing the battle, I assumed that the Florentine forces were not on this ridge to begin with. There would be little room for the Sienese army to cross the river and assemble if the Guelphs were already in command of this ground.<br />
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<br />Swampsterhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07273339036868534074noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1636347795968499033.post-53933039743312335202015-01-16T20:38:00.001+00:002015-01-24T00:10:56.512+00:00The Montaperti Battlefield 1<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://www.chometemporary.it/wp-content/uploads/effetti-del-buon-governo-in-campagna_dettaglio.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="http://www.chometemporary.it/wp-content/uploads/effetti-del-buon-governo-in-campagna_dettaglio.jpg" height="175" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Lorenzetti's Good Government - detail<br />
From Chometemporary.com</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
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As can be seen from various posts, I've read about - and painted armies for - the Battle of Montaperti in 1260. Last year's Society of Ancients game was based on the battle and, after spending a good amount of time researching the battle, I thought I'd spend a holiday in the area.<br />
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I was able to spend quite a bit of time driving and walking around the battlefield.<br />
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Seven and a half centuries have made some changes to the area, mainly in the last 100 years or so. The E78 autostrada cuts across the plain where the Florentine army probably camped and where some of the action probably occurred. The town of Arbia occupies the area to the east of the bridge and this seems to have expanded in the recent past. The amount of tree coverage which may have covered the flank attack has probably decreased.<br />
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The landscape shown in Lorenzetti's fresco may give a guide to the type of terrain of the battlefield.<br />
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However most of the area is still clear enough to show the lie of the land so I've posted some shots of the area.<br />
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This is the River Arbia. It is difficult to be sure how much change has happened and there are records of alterations being made in the late middle ages to decrease flooding. In its current state the river is narrow - perhaps 5 metres - and in August it was shallow - less than half a metre deep with a firm bed. As a terrain feature it would present little hazard to infantry although the banks are fairly steep in places. The trees and other undergrowth presently lining the river would be more of a disruption though there may have been more browsing by farm animals in the 13th century, especially if the fresco is any guide.<br />
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These show the area north of the E78. This is the flattest area not occupied by the autostrada, with fairly gentle slopes. There is a chapel next to the slope which may have been there at the time. I wasn't sure if public access to the chapel was possible. <br />
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This was taken from a steep hill next to the lake at Acqua Borra. It is about a kilometre to the east of the river.<br />
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More soon...<br />
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<br />Swampsterhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07273339036868534074noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1636347795968499033.post-16494758425550313582014-11-29T18:08:00.002+00:002020-04-04T14:46:33.525+01:00The Carroccio<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: inherit;">Each year, the <a href="http://www.soa.org.uk/" target="_blank">Society of Ancients</a> organises a day where the same battle is played using a number of different rulesets. Speakers place the battle in its historical context, and there are usually discussions about the available sources and how to portray the battle in miniature.</span><br />
<span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: inherit;">For 2014, the chosen battle was Montaperti, which fits my existing collection of figures rather nicely.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: inherit;">I put on a DBMM version of this battle which you can read about in Slingshot 296 - the magazine of the Society of Ancients.</span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: inherit;">One notable feature of the battle is the presence on each side of a <i>carroccio</i> - a wagon carrying a banner.</span></span></div>
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<span style="background-color: #fff2cc;">Even today, many Italian cities feature these in their festivals. </span></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgWv_xr642Pefvr9U95i-y9LDKjFtDOtBOtpjtyS9-C0USsH-FtesYax4ujGhhPcORmZ0PS0bJYyJfLTK-gZ_iFPXm7MSOtnubdN2EU2zzsu5m6grBqWIOpgSHL-Tjsaz8cUs3vuJ5AhNw/w849-h865-no/" imageanchor="1" style="background-color: #fff2cc; clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgWv_xr642Pefvr9U95i-y9LDKjFtDOtBOtpjtyS9-C0USsH-FtesYax4ujGhhPcORmZ0PS0bJYyJfLTK-gZ_iFPXm7MSOtnubdN2EU2zzsu5m6grBqWIOpgSHL-Tjsaz8cUs3vuJ5AhNw/w849-h865-no/" width="314" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="background-color: #fff2cc;">The Mirliton 15mm Carroccio </span><br />
<span style="background-color: #fff2cc;">(with Black Hat Feudal figures on the same base as escorts)</span></td></tr>
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<span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: inherit;">The <i>carrocci</i> and similar great standards carried on wagons were a feature of many battles, especially in the 11th to 13th centuries.</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: #fff2cc;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><i><a href="http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=E2CTAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA380&lpg=PA380&dq=voltmer+carroccio&source=bl&ots=ZJwR8TXXJC&sig=qm_Z5UdCl1ZNFLMSN8DXCa0JTVs&hl=en&sa=X&ei=MOxPVMzXMq6S7AaWxoGACg&ved=0CDIQ6AEwBDgK#v=onepage&q=voltmer%20carroccio&f=false" target="_blank">Medieval Italy: An Encyclopedia</a> </i>summarises the origin and some details of these wagons but I thought I would bring together some of the evidence about them.</span></span></div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e4/Cortenuova1237.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="294" data-original-width="440" height="213" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e4/Cortenuova1237.JPG" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Frederick II taking the captured Lomabard League carroccio into Cremona. <br />
For the parade, it was drawn by his elephant.</td></tr>
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<span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: inherit;">The description of Richard I's standard at Arsuf (1191) sums up much of the appearance, and both the value and the disadvantages of the wagon standard.</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: inherit;"><span style="text-align: center;">"</span><i style="text-align: center;">The Normans defended the standard, which we do not </i><i style="text-align: center;">consider it irrelevant here to describe. It was formed of a long beam, like </i><i style="text-align: center;">the mast of a ship; made of most solid ceiled work, on four wheels; put </i><i style="text-align: center;">together with joints, bound with iron, and to all appearance no sword or </i><i style="text-align: center;">axe could cut, or fire injure it. A chosen body of soldiers were generally </i><i style="text-align: center;">appointed to guard it, especially in a combat on the plains, lest, by any </i><i style="text-align: center;">hostile attack, it should be broken or thrown down; for if it fell by any </i><i style="text-align: center;">accident, the army would be dispersed and put into confusion. For they are </i><i style="text-align: center;">dismayed when it does not appear, and think that their general must be </i><i style="text-align: center;">overcome by faint-heartedness when they do not see his standard flying; </i><i style="text-align: center;">for no people have strength to resist the enemy if their chief is in alarm </i><i style="text-align: center;">from the fall of his standard; but whilst it remains erect they have a certain </i><i style="text-align: center;">refuge. Near it the weak are strengthened; the wounded soldiers, even </i><i style="text-align: center;">those of rank and celebrity, who fall in the battle, are carried to it, and it is </i><i style="text-align: center;">called “Standard,” from its standing a most compact signal to the army. It </i><i style="text-align: center;">is very properly drawn on wheels, for it is advanced when the enemy </i><i style="text-align: center;">yields, and drawn back if they press on, according to the state of the battle. </i><i style="text-align: center;">It was surrounded by the Normans and English.</i><span style="text-align: center;">" </span></span></div>
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<span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: inherit;">(<span style="color: #252525; line-height: 22.39px;"><b><a href="http://www.yorku.ca/inpar/richard_of_holy_trinity.pdf" target="_blank">Itinerarium Peregrinorum et Gesta Regis Ricardi</a>)</b></span></span></div>
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<span style="background-color: #fff2cc;"><i style="color: #252525; line-height: 22.39px;"><b><span style="font-family: inherit;"></span></b></i><br /></span>
<i style="color: #252525; line-height: 22.39px;"><b style="background-color: #fff2cc;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"></span></b></i></div>
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<span style="color: #252525; font-family: inherit;"><span style="background-color: #fff2cc; line-height: 22.39px;">Battle of the Standard - <a href="http://www.battlefieldstrust.com/resource-centre/medieval/battlepageview.asp?pageid=251" target="_blank">19th century copy from 'ancient manuscripts' </a></span></span><br />
<span style="background-color: #fff2cc; color: #252525; font-family: inherit;">Also known as the battle of Northallerton, where an Anglo-Norman army defeated the Scots of David I. It is possible that the standard was used in deliberate imitation of the Italians.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit;"><i style="background-color: #fff2cc;">"Some of them soon erected in the centre of a frame which they brought, the mast of a ship to which they gave the name of the Standard.</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit;"><i style="background-color: #fff2cc;">On the top of this pole they hung a silver pyx containing the Host and the banners of St Peter the apostle, and John of Beverley and Wilfrid of Ripon, confessors and bishops. In so doing their hope was that our Lord Jesus Christ, through the efficacy of his Body, might be their leader in the struggle. They also provided for their men a sure and conspicuous rallying point, by which they might rejoin their comrades in the event of their being cut off."</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit;"><i style="background-color: #fff2cc;">(<a href="http://www.battlefieldstrust.com/resource-centre/medieval/battlepageview.asp?pageid=249&parentid=251" target="_blank"><b>Richard of Hexham</b></a>)</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit;">The Emperor Otto's standard at Bouvines (1214)</span></span><br />
<span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: inherit;">This seems to be a 'draco' style standard. Harold II, Henry III and David I are also described as using dragon standards though not carried on carts. See my <a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=1636347795968499033#editor/target=post;postID=3363080362439484953;onPublishedMenu=posts;onClosedMenu=posts;postNum=36;src=postname" target="_blank">post</a> for an interpretation.</span><br />
<em style="line-height: 17.47px;"><span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: inherit;">"Soon after, Otto, already flying his banners as if he wanted to celebrate before the fact the triumph he was so sure of, raises his standard high, surrounds himself with the supreme honors of the empire, so as to make his rays shine in the middle of such a great show and to proclaim himself the sovereign of the whole world. On a chariot, he has a pole raised around which a dragon is curled which can be seen far away from all sides, its tail and wings bloated by the winds, showing its terrifying teeth and opening its enormous mouth. Above the dragon hovers Jupiter's bird with golden wings while the whole of the surface of the chariot, resplendent with gold, rivals the sun and even boasts of shining with a brighter light."</span></em><br />
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<b><span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: inherit;">(<a href="http://soa.org.uk/sm/index.php?topic=257.0" target="_blank">Phillippiad by William of Breton</a>)</span></b></div>
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<span style="color: #330000; text-align: justify; text-indent: 28px;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgc7QQkVzhGsZimU1ufyb90KNwuCBGuYfyb6ycS5oOGhxJHmjjrm11kkSltRJFvNgQVI3Adwj-s9DMepV9EpFDIBukPmH1880LxZ_B1nxcR6iHwgsZyrHe400IfwxIMOQHRcHKEFojUI6A/w1153-h865-no/DSCF1120.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="150" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgc7QQkVzhGsZimU1ufyb90KNwuCBGuYfyb6ycS5oOGhxJHmjjrm11kkSltRJFvNgQVI3Adwj-s9DMepV9EpFDIBukPmH1880LxZ_B1nxcR6iHwgsZyrHe400IfwxIMOQHRcHKEFojUI6A/w1153-h865-no/DSCF1120.JPG" width="200" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Minifigs 15mm Carroccio.</td></tr>
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</span></span></span><br />
<span style="background-color: #fff2cc;"><span style="color: #330000; text-align: justify; text-indent: 28px;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"></span></span><br /></span>
<span style="background-color: #fff2cc;"><span style="color: #330000; text-align: justify; text-indent: 28px;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"></span></span>
<span style="color: #330000; text-align: justify; text-indent: 28px;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">"<i>And to the end the Fiesolans which were come to dwell in Florence might be more faithful and loving with the Florentines, they caused the arms of the said two commonwealths to be borne in common, and made the arms to be dimidiated red and white, as still to our times they are borne upon the Carroccio and in the host of the Florentines.</i> " (<a href="http://www.elfinspell.com/VillaniBk4a.html">G. Villani</a> IV.7)</span></span></span><br />
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<span style="color: #330000; text-align: justify; text-indent: 28px;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><b>"</b><i>In the year of Christ 1228, when M. Andrea of </i></span></span></span><span class="pageright" style="color: #003366; position: absolute; right: 2.5em; text-indent: 28px; top: auto;"><span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: inherit;"><i></i></span></span><br />
<span class="pageright" style="color: #003366; position: absolute; right: 2.5em; text-indent: 28px; top: auto;"><span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: inherit;"><i></i></span></span><span style="color: #330000; text-align: justify; text-indent: 28px;"><span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: inherit;"><i>Perugia was Podestà of Florence, the Florentines led an army against Pistoia with the Carroccio</i><b>" </b></span></span><br />
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<span style="color: #330000; text-align: justify; text-indent: 28px;"><span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: inherit;"><b>(</b><a href="http://www.elfinspell.com/VillaniBk6a.html" style="font-weight: bold;">G. Villani</a><b> VI.5)</b></span></span></div>
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<span style="background-color: #fff2cc;"><span style="color: #330000; font-weight: bold; text-align: justify; text-indent: 28px;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"></span></span>
<span style="color: #330000; text-align: justify; text-indent: 28px;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">1241</span></span></span><br />
<span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: inherit;"><i><span style="color: #330000; text-align: justify; text-indent: 28px;">"</span><span style="color: #330000; text-align: justify; text-indent: 28px;">And the heads of the Ghibellines in Florence being banished, the people and the Guelfs who remained in the lordship of Florence, changed the arms of the commonwealth of Florence, and whereas of old they bore the field red and the lily white, they now made on the</span><span style="color: #330000; text-align: justify; text-indent: 28px;"> </span></i><span style="color: #330000; text-align: justify; text-indent: 28px;"><i>contrary the field white and the lily red; and the Ghibellines retained the former standard, but the ancient standard of the commonwealth dimidiated white and red, to wit, the standard that went with the host upon the carroccio, never was changed."</i> </span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="background-color: #fff2cc; color: #330000; text-align: justify; text-indent: 28px;"><a href="http://www.elfinspell.com/VillaniBk6b.html" style="font-weight: bold;">(G. Villani</a><b> VI.43)</b></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit;"><b><u>Montaperti (1260)</u></b></span></span><br />
<span style="background-color: #fff2cc;">The most extensive sources on the carroccio which I have found have been regarding the battle of Montaperti.</span><br />
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<span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: inherit;"><span style="color: #330000; text-align: justify; text-indent: 28px;"><i>"And note, that the carroccio, which was led by the commonwealth and people of Florence, was a chariot on four wheels, all painted red, and two tall red masts stood up together thereupon, whereon was fastened and waved the great standard of the arms of the commune, which was dimidiated white and red, and still may be seen to-day in S. Giovanni. And it was drawn by a great pair of oxen covered with red cloth, which were set apart solely for this, and belonged to the Hospitallers of Pinti, and he who drove them was a freeman of the commonwealth. This carroccio was used by our forefathers in triumphs and solemnities, and when they went out with the host, the neighbouring <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/it/e/e3/Carroccio_Villani.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="172" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/it/e/e3/Carroccio_Villani.jpg" width="200" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">The Florentine martinella and carroccio at Montaperti<br />
Villani's Chronicle (<a href="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/it/e/e3/Carroccio_Villani.jpg" target="_blank">Wikimedia</a>)</td></tr>
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counts and knights brought it from the armoury of S. Giovanni and conducted it to the piazza of the Mercato Nuovo, and having halted by a landmark, which is still there, in the form of a stone carved like a chariot, they committed it to the keeping of the people, and it was led by popolani in the expeditions of war, and to guard it were chosen the best and strongest and most virtuous among the foot soldiers of the popolani, and round it gathered all the force of the people. And when the host was to be assembled, a month before the time when they were to set forth, a bell was hung upon the arch of Porte Sante Marie, which was at the head of the Mercato Nuovo, and there was rung by day and by night without ceasing. And this they did in their pride, to give opportunity to the enemy, against whom the host should go forth, to prepare themselves. And some called it Martinella, and some the Asses’ Bell. And when the Florentine host went forth, they took down the bell from the arch and put it into a wooden tower upon a car, and </i></span><span style="color: #330000; text-align: justify; text-indent: 28px;"><i>the sound thereof guided the host. By these two pomps of the carroccio and of the bell was maintained the lordly pride of the people of old and of our forefathers in their expeditions."</i></span></span><br />
<div style="text-align: right;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="color: #330000; text-align: justify; text-indent: 28px;"><span style="background-color: #fff2cc;"> <b>(<a href="http://www.elfinspell.com/VillaniBk6c.html#sect75" target="_blank">G. Villani</a> VI.76)</b></span></span></span></div>
<span style="background-color: #fff2cc;"><span style="color: #330000; text-align: justify; text-indent: 28px;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="color: #330000; text-align: justify; text-indent: 28px;"><i>"</i></span><span style="color: #330000;"><i>Ora, preso il partito per li Fiorentini di uscire a campo, partironsi di Firenze il grande campo; e per pompa e per grandigia e per mettere spavento ai nemici, menarono il carroccio, sopra del quale era una grande an tenna in sulla quale si spiegava 1' arme del comune di Firenze, che allora era bianca e vermiglia"</i> </span></span></span><br />
<div style="text-align: right;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="color: #330000;"><b style="background-color: #fff2cc;">(<a href="https://play.google.com/books/reader?printsec=frontcover&output=reader&id=7wktAAAAYAAJ&pg=GBS.PA90" target="_blank">Pisan Chronicle</a>)</b></span></span></div>
<span style="background-color: #fff2cc;"><span style="color: #330000; text-align: justify; text-indent: 28px;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 28px;"><span style="color: #330000; font-family: inherit;"><i>"tirato da due grossi palafreni"</i> (drawn by two great steeds)</span></span></span><br />
<span style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 28px;"><span style="background-color: #fff2cc; color: #330000; font-family: inherit;"><i>"Con quest' ultimo Terzo veniva il carroccio , con suvvi il gonfalone reale , eh' era tutto bianco , e ben dava conforto che pareva il manto della Vergine Maria. "</i> </span></span><br />
<div style="text-align: right;">
<span style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 28px;"><span style="color: #330000; font-family: inherit;"><b style="background-color: #fff2cc;">(<a href="https://play.google.com/books/reader?printsec=frontcover&output=reader&id=7wktAAAAYAAJ&pg=GBS.PA53" target="_blank">Letter of Aldobrandini</a>)</b></span></span></div>
<span style="background-color: #fff2cc;"><span style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 28px;"><span style="color: #330000; font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 28px;"><span style="color: #330000; font-family: inherit;">The white banner of Camiolla is shown on the Sienese carroccio in <a href="http://www.wdl.org/en/item/10598/zoom/#group=1&page=28&zoom=0.5000&centerX=0.5000&centerY=0.7353" target="_blank">Ventura's paintings</a>. Note how rustic the wagon is, with solid wheels and possibly wicker sides.</span></span></span><br />
<span style="background-color: #fff2cc;"><span style="color: #330000; text-align: justify; text-indent: 28px;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></span>
</span><br />
<span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: inherit;">According to the headphone guide provided by the cathedral, the two wooden poles <a href="http://www.360cities.net/image/siena-cathedral-interior-tuscany#-345.59,-14.15,70.0" target="_blank">here</a> are the masts (<i>antennae</i>) of the Florentine and Sienese <i>carrocci</i> used at Montaperti. A nineteenth century study says that they are actually votive offerings of Sienese <i>antennae</i>.</span><br />
<span style="background-color: #fff2cc;"><br /></span>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhPDYY3Nwu8o-dS4Ulyg7YZBeln-CssZUbHRN2bDxMIwrqcE58_VVqptS8uXO2cT810UIf23mQtsbUgz9-kHaEhSSM_0_1fnQDY2mCu64eZ8kOj4Ivm4y_oj65yjjAnrjvdjj3tnkxbTro/w487-h865-no/IMG_0152.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="background-color: #fff2cc; clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhPDYY3Nwu8o-dS4Ulyg7YZBeln-CssZUbHRN2bDxMIwrqcE58_VVqptS8uXO2cT810UIf23mQtsbUgz9-kHaEhSSM_0_1fnQDY2mCu64eZ8kOj4Ivm4y_oj65yjjAnrjvdjj3tnkxbTro/w487-h865-no/IMG_0152.jpg" width="112" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="background-color: #fff2cc;">This rather unprepossessing</span><br />
<span style="background-color: #fff2cc;">doorway is seemingly </span><br />
<span style="background-color: #fff2cc;">the home of modern Siena's</span><br />
<span style="background-color: #fff2cc;"><i>carroccio</i>. It is right next to the</span><br />
<span style="background-color: #fff2cc;">Piazza del Campo</span></td></tr>
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<span style="background-color: #fff2cc;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: inherit;">Other battles where a standard wagon is noted include</span></span><br />
<span style="background-color: #fff2cc;">Sirmium (1167) - used by the Hungarians</span><br />
<span style="background-color: #fff2cc;">Legnano (1176) - where it formed the heart of the victorious Milanese defence</span><br />
<span style="background-color: #fff2cc;">Bodesine (1213) - details seem confused but a Milanese <i>carroccio </i>said to have been captured here still exists - in part - in <a href="http://www.laprovinciacr.it/scheda/38723/Cremona--Venerdi-la-presentazione-del.html" target="_blank">Cremona</a></span><br />
<span style="background-color: #fff2cc;">Cortenuova (1237) - the Milanese <i>carroccio </i>was captured and sent via Cremona to Frederick's allies in Rome.</span><br />
<span style="background-color: #fff2cc;">Kitzingen (1266). A <a href="https://museum-franken.de/sammlung/stadtgeschichte/kiliansbanner.html?type=98" target="_blank">banner of St Killian</a> was carried on a <i>Fahnenwagen </i>by Wurzburg. It is described as 13' 6" by 7' 3" <a href="https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=vGlEAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA329&lpg=PA329&dq=Cyriakuspanier&source=bl&ots=HSpdU2qHdC&sig=ACfU3U3BFyvrFne51LSo_8HgnrjJtSYwSw&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjg08zo8s7oAhVOilwKHb9YBaIQ6AEwEnoECAsQOw#v=onepage&q=Cyriakuspanier&f=false" target="_blank">here</a></span><br />
<span style="background-color: #fff2cc;">Wörringen (1288) - used by the Archbishop of Cologne. His opponents seem to have had their own but captured the Archbishop's and continued to use it in later years.</span><br />
<span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: inherit;">A 1621 picture of the standard wagon at Wörringen is <a href="http://www.bildindex.de/obj05206983.html#|home" target="_blank">here</a>. Another, clearer, picture can be found in <a href="http://www.ths-wargames.de/material/downloads/carroccio.pdf" target="_blank">this modelling guide</a> to making this wagon. The Rymkronyk can be found <a href="http://www.dbnl.org/tekst/heel001jfwi01_01/heel001jfwi01_01_0011.php#11" target="_blank">here</a>. More info on the battle including a model of the wagon <a href="http://www.habitare-1288.de/3.html" target="_blank">here</a>.</span><br />
<span style="background-color: #fff2cc;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">Gollheim (1298) - used by the Archbishop of Mainz while fighting on the side of Albrecht von Hapsburg. There is a rather <a href="https://www.zvab.com/kunst-grafik-poster/Teilansicht-Fahnenwagen-Mainzer-Carrosch-MAINZ/30133498275/bd#&gid=1&pid=1" target="_blank">fanciful 18th century depiction here</a>.</span></span><br />
<span style="background-color: #fff2cc;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="background-color: #fff2cc;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span>
Lewes (1264) - De Montfort left his banner with his wagon but this does not seem have been a proper standard in the manner of the others. The wagon had been used to carry him around after he was injured and during the battle seems to have incarcerated some London notables.</span><br />
<span style="background-color: #fff2cc;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: inherit;">Please let me know if you have details of other battles where <i>carrocci</i> are known to have taken part.</span></span><br />
<span style="background-color: #fff2cc;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: inherit;">Model Carrocci:</span></span><br />
<span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: inherit;">Mirliton <a href="http://www.mirliton.it/product_info.php?pName=italian-carroccio-15-mm&cName=historical-15mm-italian-communal" target="_blank">15mm</a> or <a href="http://www.vexillia.ltd.uk/mirliton/shop15_medieval.html#t-2" target="_blank">15mm</a>, <a href="http://www.mirliton.it/product_info.php?pName=the-florentine-carroccio-1260" target="_blank">28mm</a></span><br />
<span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: inherit;">Minifigs <a href="http://www.miniaturefigurines.co.uk/Catalogue.aspx?ScaleID=2&CategoryID=7&SubCategoryID=41" target="_blank">15mm</a></span><br />
<span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: inherit;">Black Hat <a href="http://www.blackhat.co.uk/online_shop/product_info.php?cPath=22_159&products_id=1537&osCsid=38f0cc63c94dc761e73b180fcded3204" target="_blank">15mm</a></span><br />
<span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: inherit;">Essex <a href="http://www.essexminiatures.co.uk/products/mfpe17" target="_blank">15mm</a>, <a href="http://www.essexminiatures.co.uk/collections/25mm-supply-train-carts-wagons-baggage-other-accessories/products/c-w10" target="_blank">28mm</a></span><br />
<span style="background-color: #fff2cc;">Hall of Ancient Warriors <a href="http://www.hallofancientwarriors.com/HTML_pages/haw_baggage.html" target="_blank">15mm</a> (I don't know anything of this one!)</span><br />
<span style="background-color: #fff2cc;">Perry <a href="https://www.perry-miniatures.com/product_info.php?products_id=2748&osCsid=bjo91c9amc8m54m0sdig415ot0" target="_blank">28mm</a> - also available with just the wagon</span><br />
<span style="background-color: #fff2cc;">First Corps <a href="http://www.1stcorps.co.uk/buy-online/c/1st-corps-figures/late-medieval/?product_tags%5B%5D=274" target="_blank">28mm</a></span><br />
<span style="background-color: #fff2cc;"><br /></span>
<span style="background-color: #fff2cc;">Let me know if you are aware of others.</span><br />
<span style="background-color: #fff2cc;"><br /></span>
<span style="background-color: #fff2cc;">Downloadable banners from <a href="http://www.krigsspil.dk/download/download_2.html" target="_blank">Krigsspil</a></span><br />
<br />Swampsterhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07273339036868534074noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1636347795968499033.post-21913898002183892312014-07-24T18:29:00.000+01:002014-07-24T18:31:02.032+01:00Medieval SpanishJust a quick post:<br />
I came across a splendid collection of Medieval Spanish pictures on the Foro del Historia Militar el Gran Capitan<br />
<a href="http://www.elgrancapitan.org/foro/viewtopic.php?f=87&t=20632&start=30" target="_blank">link</a><br />
<br />
A great resource for painting Spanish knights including those from Touller and the newer figures from Donnington New Era.Swampsterhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07273339036868534074noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1636347795968499033.post-32859700668516711202014-04-22T13:14:00.001+01:002017-07-21T20:10:16.122+01:00Normans<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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A long while back I said I'd put some comparisons of various Normans on here. Now that painting for Montaperti is out of the way, here are the Normans.</h3>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEivoDM8jQqVfGXDzNFJLlSq8K7XqaDt4XQPRaFzbMVbqhZ75_m0uIyUJPnKJjGNoPPNNjLYcISUTVXoZWU8E64IGzITn1N7M8rEiHclY6dDe58igqekMXTvMQGC5CYHuJ4kAc0r_YcfWic/s1600/Two+Williams.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="657" data-original-width="1024" height="205" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEivoDM8jQqVfGXDzNFJLlSq8K7XqaDt4XQPRaFzbMVbqhZ75_m0uIyUJPnKJjGNoPPNNjLYcISUTVXoZWU8E64IGzITn1N7M8rEiHclY6dDe58igqekMXTvMQGC5CYHuJ4kAc0r_YcfWic/s320/Two+Williams.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Two Dragons and Khurasan versions of Duke William</td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgOMYx57xvYXSJW2PgcHqn3BrmEkQnIGrqOUlqX_5A98JFXVM8iBpDwo7vX-UinZzJ-1T-cdCkXkZ-xxYSOwZwrmMz8OGBd1HtaFTjY6-ir7qZaUIwDNdBv9Lw_0Xu6m2RByDqBDZxqj1M/s1600/Will+Rufus.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1024" data-original-width="889" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgOMYx57xvYXSJW2PgcHqn3BrmEkQnIGrqOUlqX_5A98JFXVM8iBpDwo7vX-UinZzJ-1T-cdCkXkZ-xxYSOwZwrmMz8OGBd1HtaFTjY6-ir7qZaUIwDNdBv9Lw_0Xu6m2RByDqBDZxqj1M/s320/Will+Rufus.jpg" width="277" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">William Rufus from Two Dragons</td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjOZcSViQ30_MOQDBLxEHAtVYHBSYCy8BZeDAYgj6iOoFTR4wPch9_KeASlkXilS9e4TKvrxJKg49WW6nxo0GA3-B_ogloFwtMBRDOXYCz5MprLgPGaUOOqTOq4UmrSGBZv317WFk-dJXk/s1600/TwoDragDonnKhur.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="451" data-original-width="1024" height="280" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjOZcSViQ30_MOQDBLxEHAtVYHBSYCy8BZeDAYgj6iOoFTR4wPch9_KeASlkXilS9e4TKvrxJKg49WW6nxo0GA3-B_ogloFwtMBRDOXYCz5MprLgPGaUOOqTOq4UmrSGBZv317WFk-dJXk/s640/TwoDragDonnKhur.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="font-size: 12.8px;"><span style="font-size: x-small; text-align: start;"> from the left: Two Dragons, Donnington and Khurasan.</span></td></tr>
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<br />They mix pretty well sizewise but the style is different enough that I would not mix them on a base. This has the advantage as well that I can tell which command each element is from. Two Dragons are the most idiosyncratic with a good variety of pose and lots of movement though there is a touch more caricature about them. The shields are rather thick but this doesn't stand out too much.</div>
<div class="" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
Donnington have a good range of poses though the sculpting isn't quite as sharp as the others.</div>
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Khurasan have a bit more limited range of poses but these are designed to give the impression of a galloping mass. I'm slightly wary about the chance of some of the horses coming off their stands though. The figures are probably the easiest to pain of the three as the mail definition is very clear - this does of course mean it is exaggerated compared to real life but it helps the effect. It is also handy that the hands are ready to take the separate weapons - no drilling required.</div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjiy5fAyk57xOAvhX-W3YaiTtaF90Swx3aJB0P0Q2m2cEQPZCFNLm6K1yIuIEZgXfHolDihDfnWmefiETfp0ortpt7yKh7Hmb7z0WBuWwPA_eSNtLvG0mjmMEPANyzFKXpcJGMovxUE63U/s1600/Khur+Two+Drag+foot+comp.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="555" data-original-width="1024" height="173" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjiy5fAyk57xOAvhX-W3YaiTtaF90Swx3aJB0P0Q2m2cEQPZCFNLm6K1yIuIEZgXfHolDihDfnWmefiETfp0ortpt7yKh7Hmb7z0WBuWwPA_eSNtLvG0mjmMEPANyzFKXpcJGMovxUE63U/s320/Khur+Two+Drag+foot+comp.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">This shows Two Dragons dismounted knights and Khurasan infantry. Again there is a difference in style but the size matches pretty well.</td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj-jkPhHr8-sJ6Yatv_OHdgWe8Xv7mUiB3_ilJC_qeat2R71d4NZGl1TD_6cbQVK0EqTlC64qf7bVcI7OTxGWXwGYAWi7okTWkvTtMwTt6yZive2LmanSLq1ARvT8SHWr4CLLw98sgw8v0/s1600/Two+Drag+foor+kn.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="768" data-original-width="1024" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj-jkPhHr8-sJ6Yatv_OHdgWe8Xv7mUiB3_ilJC_qeat2R71d4NZGl1TD_6cbQVK0EqTlC64qf7bVcI7OTxGWXwGYAWi7okTWkvTtMwTt6yZive2LmanSLq1ARvT8SHWr4CLLw98sgw8v0/s320/Two+Drag+foor+kn.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Lots of variety in the Two Dragons range</td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjZyBh2ckr2k_cdwWCaTY2Ns0RRETOhyTEhyb7ZVNSJ6i7-a-dBSIOZzzS3c38BafJ7LgHejs9WWJXyfiUNyPVuHSVlwLTjQyrrOvMzLejLt4NXBld9HgdLf_gIXbPpi6QrXqyFIsLozVk/s1600/DSCF0911.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="768" data-original-width="1024" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjZyBh2ckr2k_cdwWCaTY2Ns0RRETOhyTEhyb7ZVNSJ6i7-a-dBSIOZzzS3c38BafJ7LgHejs9WWJXyfiUNyPVuHSVlwLTjQyrrOvMzLejLt4NXBld9HgdLf_gIXbPpi6QrXqyFIsLozVk/s320/DSCF0911.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><div style="font-size: 12.8px;">
Two Dragons Scouts</div>
<div style="font-size: 12.8px;">
Some more of my favourite figures from any range.</div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh2-LHlMA_HYRhSxyCuu4m4_UhLGKhegvrQjR49o5ALd5iFO9KcQ8BRGXDFXZf_IgdBLUPykHUeUPUgDQoLUiGaUDlbjBg1O3rL4l7NmqiXvF6GdbdGgYzuar1qpjwFvXNa415151Htl3M/s1600/DSCF0914.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="612" data-original-width="1024" height="191" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh2-LHlMA_HYRhSxyCuu4m4_UhLGKhegvrQjR49o5ALd5iFO9KcQ8BRGXDFXZf_IgdBLUPykHUeUPUgDQoLUiGaUDlbjBg1O3rL4l7NmqiXvF6GdbdGgYzuar1qpjwFvXNa415151Htl3M/s320/DSCF0914.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
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In DBMM, the Normans are allowed to dismount so it is handy to have the mounts ready.</div>
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More characterful figures from Two Dragons.</div>
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Swampsterhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07273339036868534074noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1636347795968499033.post-42266882536992713672014-01-04T20:33:00.000+00:002017-07-22T15:49:10.930+01:00The Way of the Horse and Bow...or the Early Samurai in DBMM.<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi461W8U7mxiK92toxaXj4FYk2N970StndbvJBmAb3MRYMgCzI_KKiZ9V293ZYFgieIX5aC_L-6u5QTc7bt-Pic9WQmpqCDFsZtMYKGJ0TMhSo29MfjmD9-Jkd0D99gFcUvhLE0WQZqxww/s1600/Samurai+%25281%2529.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="470" data-original-width="1024" height="291" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi461W8U7mxiK92toxaXj4FYk2N970StndbvJBmAb3MRYMgCzI_KKiZ9V293ZYFgieIX5aC_L-6u5QTc7bt-Pic9WQmpqCDFsZtMYKGJ0TMhSo29MfjmD9-Jkd0D99gFcUvhLE0WQZqxww/s640/Samurai+%25281%2529.jpg" width="640" /></a></div>
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It has been rather too long since my last blog post, though much of that time was spent with this project.<br />
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One of the first armies I ever painted was a Samurai period Japanese army but that was for a friend to use with WRG 6th edition a <u>long</u> time ago. Since then, I haven't been particularly interested in them. When I started researching the Mongols, I used the Invasion Scroll for some ideas and that put the germ of an idea for doing a Samurai army into my head.<br />
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I was put off by the thought of doing the lacing for the Mongol invasion period and eventually started to do an early 16th century army, the lacing being less prominent. A few of the Old Glory figures had a look which lent themselves to be painted wearing the older style armour and after doing them I thought it might be manageable after all.<br />
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Sometimes, an idle thought like this can lead to a lot of work...<br />
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Anyway, I'd already researched the available 15mm ranges and there aren't many which are intended for the 12th and 13th centuries, the time of the Gempei war, the Mongol invasion and the beginning of the shogunate.<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgxHO7sJeleRgs3BTl9vS1ihfXe3v6p2VktxERl7lr59UAwkijrOK202NRdePnQsb2p1neuhsGYdzP3gC8xU78Mbk4Dzwrrjh6-J1uFmLc9MlaHtIhiT5nt53MSMKjLpu5ebk3Bd5O09hA/s1600/Samurai+%252813%2529.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="418" data-original-width="1024" height="162" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgxHO7sJeleRgs3BTl9vS1ihfXe3v6p2VktxERl7lr59UAwkijrOK202NRdePnQsb2p1neuhsGYdzP3gC8xU78Mbk4Dzwrrjh6-J1uFmLc9MlaHtIhiT5nt53MSMKjLpu5ebk3Bd5O09hA/s400/Samurai+%252813%2529.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
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This shows the two ranges I chose. Those on the left are Eureka, available in the UK from Fighting 15s.<br />
Those to the right are Essex. I liked each range for different reasons and so had one command's cavalry from Eureka with the remainder by Essex.<br />
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During the writing of the DBMM lists for the Samurai, the evidence was interpreted as there being very close co-operation between the mounted and foot. This has been reproduced by having a compulsory double base of cavalry and auxillia (representing the followers). This gives a number of disadvantages - slower movement, less able to exploit gaps, less easy to interpenetrate as many other troop types - but gives some advantages - a bonus in combat being the most important.<br />
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When it came down to it, the main reason I decided to do them was that the big base allowed more of a diorama look than a normal size.<br />
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These are more of the Eureka figures. Some of the cavalry are supported by monks, just for variety.<br />
The banner is made from wire and paper.<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjOVhrhudApi_kMKaAn6Efja_t3-gST20Ro6Fas9fWOSXAEn-CtnZfoBLcKblmgxkKM2LgzSIViw5Vc3f6bnNRNwT-SZoFwNLFrQBfQx6xZ9anCrJpbxSoOlze4AM7JT-0YbLf9Xr4B1Tk/s1600/Samurai+%252812%2529.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="768" data-original-width="1024" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjOVhrhudApi_kMKaAn6Efja_t3-gST20Ro6Fas9fWOSXAEn-CtnZfoBLcKblmgxkKM2LgzSIViw5Vc3f6bnNRNwT-SZoFwNLFrQBfQx6xZ9anCrJpbxSoOlze4AM7JT-0YbLf9Xr4B1Tk/s320/Samurai+%252812%2529.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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Below are some of the Eureka foot. There is a nice degree of variety with the dismounted Samurai but only two rather similar poses for the followers. The banners - hata-jirushi - are moulded on the figures.<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhIuLnfrqPzB993xX7iM3KQatzMPZCsn1bye_Yt6kZV1X_yWGvF-E-qyBwQpSsgSolN8_PaRFwuoWhljZYKh0JC6bDyvAqbf5XQmnrqjjZ2B4Srq46QnB_lDOrleXDwAbscdz9Kx9hhS3U/s1600/Samurai+%25289%2529.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="659" data-original-width="1024" height="205" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhIuLnfrqPzB993xX7iM3KQatzMPZCsn1bye_Yt6kZV1X_yWGvF-E-qyBwQpSsgSolN8_PaRFwuoWhljZYKh0JC6bDyvAqbf5XQmnrqjjZ2B4Srq46QnB_lDOrleXDwAbscdz9Kx9hhS3U/s320/Samurai+%25289%2529.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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They are a bit pricier than most ranges but the mounted archers in particular are fine figures, with a 'breakwaist' allowing multiple positions. A couple of other poses would have been nice, such as the distinctive position as the bow is about to be drawn. There are also some cavalry carrying swords and naginata though these poses are less impressive.<br />
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgWtx8m3zp9DzqYyM-yZYsWy0WDX2GIkY0Z8BvXqA-abilOq6-oguhkQ-qvr2f5L1VTNEQGIvYhb56zz662ZSTjUbzBz1SpuCvyXnMhpGnemDXLAczgA6zUoaF9sR27_tNTo6sPdSnqMx4/s1600/Samurai+%25282%2529.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="733" data-original-width="1024" height="229" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgWtx8m3zp9DzqYyM-yZYsWy0WDX2GIkY0Z8BvXqA-abilOq6-oguhkQ-qvr2f5L1VTNEQGIvYhb56zz662ZSTjUbzBz1SpuCvyXnMhpGnemDXLAczgA6zUoaF9sR27_tNTo6sPdSnqMx4/s320/Samurai+%25282%2529.jpg" width="320" /></a><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgucoRI6e4diG0weQqRyET6j_XTon-eLclwXEPbSJYFsiiz6Dhu1F-fa6t1gI4mnLg0CosRQRIHlJc4Qy6GY90ZwE7IQ9j7rKV4gnoC0CBsd10YZ1agah0L7Hl5s28mVNLGpGA42gPa1WI/s1600/Samurai+%25283%2529.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="768" data-original-width="1024" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgucoRI6e4diG0weQqRyET6j_XTon-eLclwXEPbSJYFsiiz6Dhu1F-fa6t1gI4mnLg0CosRQRIHlJc4Qy6GY90ZwE7IQ9j7rKV4gnoC0CBsd10YZ1agah0L7Hl5s28mVNLGpGA42gPa1WI/s320/Samurai+%25283%2529.jpg" width="320" /></a>Eureka also do this command scene. They provide screens though I actually used some from Peter Pig. They are painted with the Hojo kamon.<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEixeZnzEmNqAJ5TWT1rDMmm3eptQILhhy38XAAwyEt4KN7gGe2JAUQZGbf8miTPxpggcZtyOZRy61S1NQ6vxAE0nrkSinKX2Lo5SdYvZJ2y_xHUkFhe3wjcrfKoy3UReV5N5am8DdfWAKI/s1600/Samurai+%25284%2529.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="768" data-original-width="1024" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEixeZnzEmNqAJ5TWT1rDMmm3eptQILhhy38XAAwyEt4KN7gGe2JAUQZGbf8miTPxpggcZtyOZRy61S1NQ6vxAE0nrkSinKX2Lo5SdYvZJ2y_xHUkFhe3wjcrfKoy3UReV5N5am8DdfWAKI/s320/Samurai+%25284%2529.jpg" width="320" /></a><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi6i63UlnGrj4EkBswyNRkp27oTrBvrQ-AuW9M23aVIuCfH8owAqxq0AQzqXB5P4sYPNzx9bvFNiCnFPMZoDz1NHCebsfS1P1GXQQjlsk53uiKuzcv2WkgSCpTTbkAHIM3i6zBcTm0wanQ/s1600/Samurai+%252811%2529.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="531" data-original-width="1024" height="165" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi6i63UlnGrj4EkBswyNRkp27oTrBvrQ-AuW9M23aVIuCfH8owAqxq0AQzqXB5P4sYPNzx9bvFNiCnFPMZoDz1NHCebsfS1P1GXQQjlsk53uiKuzcv2WkgSCpTTbkAHIM3i6zBcTm0wanQ/s320/Samurai+%252811%2529.jpg" width="320" /></a><br />
More Eureka figures.<br />
I started doing the binding on a the bows in red but switched to a light buff as it was more noticeable.<br />
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These are Essex figures. I don't often use Essex but these have a much broader ranger of poses and are pretty accurate. The banners are more paper and wire creations. Neither Eureka nor Essex do a mounted banner bearer even though they are shown in the original scrolls - in fact one of the bearers on foot is only unmounted because his horse was killed.<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgft64mZU4DJvizQocqSO0yDRkzEma8-86FOS7mN19OjroJwxLMQtpdW8C9z1k8Ht-7Y-LFV2isLNrAPuXLWvwY6OE7hX3ErR5TNdG5lBuSjh9cFcfrpxAeeyek4lLAxm3aBiVHZ_4Zw74/s1600/Samurai+%252815%2529.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="768" data-original-width="1024" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgft64mZU4DJvizQocqSO0yDRkzEma8-86FOS7mN19OjroJwxLMQtpdW8C9z1k8Ht-7Y-LFV2isLNrAPuXLWvwY6OE7hX3ErR5TNdG5lBuSjh9cFcfrpxAeeyek4lLAxm3aBiVHZ_4Zw74/s320/Samurai+%252815%2529.jpg" width="320" /></a>These are some of the hata-jirushi shown on the invasion scroll. Going by the numbers from some contingents, there were a lot of these banners carried in an army. To make things a little easier, the generals have two banners per base, one carried by a foot soldier.<br />
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You can also see the quivers. Some of them have a separate quiver which needs to be glued on, as does the sword scabbard. The quivers which are moulded on are probably a bit high but they don't spoil the figure.<br />
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The DBMM list allows one command of cavalry to be single based, which gives a bit of flexibility. The figure brandishing a sword has this to replace the naginata he came with. It is, though, extremely unusual to see a cavalryman in scrolls from this period with anything other than a bow in his hand. In the histories, the sword tends to get used once the arrows are expended - I wasn't about the carve them off this figure though. The sword is simply a spare <i>tachi </i> as supplied by Essex for gluing on in its scabbard. They are thin enough for this and I rather wish I'd replaced them on the Eureka figures as well.<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEipRsnydsS4AWtyn2sxbzU_WkezAjjveNYHJfPK-M2azNx__N61hD3AWtb1HdbznxNDCmn0oE5Cj2AQQLDg37iWzOAq-hf0FQZ3hMfZP1MgiHzpxQp4kiTOOJh9a_PBZXwLOO4kXiIt0n0/s1600/Samurai+%25286%2529.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="596" data-original-width="1024" height="186" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEipRsnydsS4AWtyn2sxbzU_WkezAjjveNYHJfPK-M2azNx__N61hD3AWtb1HdbznxNDCmn0oE5Cj2AQQLDg37iWzOAq-hf0FQZ3hMfZP1MgiHzpxQp4kiTOOJh9a_PBZXwLOO4kXiIt0n0/s320/Samurai+%25286%2529.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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A mix of infantry from Essex. It is possible to have archers (psiloi in DBMM) <br />
supporting some of the naginata armed foot (auxillia in 'MM) which mostly helps against mounted attacks. However, these are unusually a compulsory double base. This makes them a bit cheaper but gives less flexibility. The pavises to the rear are simply plastic card with a brass wire support.<br />
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There is a good range of variation in the Essex foot.<br />
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Here are some more, with the odd head from Peter Pig.<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi8SYhyqEOLytIuocCgkAZg0F99AC55T1hB8RBYH3g8SVix5WHq0VK-2aZxIQ7oYpXy7dJPMDrwsPZw9Gn7bTLfBH0MjJXqAEHqcQ6naZdpJ7koj0m7sO6u0GP04lBsHv7AtdWQ9ij_t3g/s1600/Samurai+%25287%2529.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="482" data-original-width="1024" height="150" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi8SYhyqEOLytIuocCgkAZg0F99AC55T1hB8RBYH3g8SVix5WHq0VK-2aZxIQ7oYpXy7dJPMDrwsPZw9Gn7bTLfBH0MjJXqAEHqcQ6naZdpJ7koj0m7sO6u0GP04lBsHv7AtdWQ9ij_t3g/s320/Samurai+%25287%2529.jpg" width="320" /></a><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgOINok2VNzwxOfm_T6T6R8NGhmMjH08MxwjC3Y5GrtB4nUiJ-XBRGiTE_s3qwATnvTdHCiYuoq8RMD2WQV-8JG4MyipmP4Yo6V4-4RxsV24kYA_mACgNHU4b9b_NWKj7liqVfiZls4DbM/s1600/Samurai+%25288%2529.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="768" data-original-width="1024" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgOINok2VNzwxOfm_T6T6R8NGhmMjH08MxwjC3Y5GrtB4nUiJ-XBRGiTE_s3qwATnvTdHCiYuoq8RMD2WQV-8JG4MyipmP4Yo6V4-4RxsV24kYA_mACgNHU4b9b_NWKj7liqVfiZls4DbM/s320/Samurai+%25288%2529.jpg" width="320" /></a>And more, with the peasants carrying sharpened bamboo in the background.<br />
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<span style="font-family: inherit;">For inspiration and info:</span><br />
<span style="font-family: inherit;">Online - </span><br />
<span style="font-family: inherit;">The <a href="http://www.bowdoin.edu/~ktravers/projects/heijiscroll/viewer.html" target="_blank">Heiji Scroll</a></span><br />
<span style="font-family: inherit;">The <a href="http://www.bowdoin.edu/mongol-scrolls/" target="_blank">Invasion Scroll</a></span><br />
Going by the scrolls, most samurai had single colour lacing (other than the top couple of rows which were often pale), Some, especially in the Heiji scroll, appear to have leather covering each row. However, for the showier forms of lacing see <a href="http://www.sengokudaimyo.com/katchu/katchu.ch05a.html" target="_blank">Lacing patterns</a>. Also see <a href="http://www.sengokudaimyo.com/katchu/katchu.ch05.html" target="_blank">this</a> for the range of colours used.<br />
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<span style="font-family: inherit;">Books -</span><br />
<span style="background-color: white; font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"> In Little Need of Divine Intervention, Takezaki Suenaga's Scrolls of the Mongol Invasion of Japan (Conlan) (includes line drawings, a translation of the text and a discussion of the invasions).</span></span><br />
<span style="background-color: white; font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">Warriors of Japan as portrayed in the War Tales (Varley) - mostly about behaviour rather than appearance</span></span><br />
<span style="background-color: white; font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">Samurai, Warfare and State in Early Medieval Japan (Friday)</span></span><br />
<span style="background-color: white; font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">There is a handy thread on TMP with more suggested reading matter for the Samurai era, including this early period, <a href="http://theminiaturespage.com/boards/msg.mv?id=168600" target="_blank">here</a>.</span></span><br />
<span style="background-color: white; font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">Various Turnbull books are handy but most of his stuff covers the Sengoku.</span></span><br />
<span style="background-color: #e4edec; font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></span>
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<br />Swampsterhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07273339036868534074noreply@blogger.com4tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1636347795968499033.post-50249015899764887962013-04-28T12:47:00.002+01:002017-07-21T20:20:47.132+01:00Two Dragons Normans<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;"><tbody>
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I seem to have acquired a Norman army!<br />
I started off buying a few Normans for using alongside some Byzantines and before I knew it I had enough to field a Norman or early Anglo-Norman army - or various others from the same period.<br />
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I bought some 15mm Two Dragons Normans originally because I liked the look of the various scout figures. I thought I'd buy a couple of packs of knights to see how they looked and then ended up getting some more. The scout figures have a lot of character and I will post some pics soon. In the meantime, a couple of people have asked what the knights look like so I thought I would put up some photos. Once they are based I'll do a longer post and put up some comparisons between Two Dragons, Donnington, Essex and Khurasan.<br />
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I like most of the poses of these figures - the energy and variety works well. The shields are fairly thick and this is most noticeable in ANCAV2. However, this is far more noticeable when unpainted and in larger pictures like these. They are loose in most cases and have a variety of cast detail including the various rivet styles shown on the Bayeux Tapestry. Some have the crosses engraved on which is okay but I'd have preferred them without. Some of the shields may have come with infantry figures as I mixed and matched.<br />
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The figures come with moulded on lances. I normally remove them and replace with steel but in some cases this would have meant damaging the horses, especially where pennons are cast on. The pennons are a bit long but paint up well. The standard bearer from VIKCOM5 is a partner to their William I figure. He comes with a large moulded flag to use if you require. Incidentally, the personality figures for this period have a 'VIK' prefix so to find them in the catalogue go to the Vikings page.<br />
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The range was fairly recently acquired by Caliver and is sold on their <a href="http://www.miniaturefigurines.co.uk/Home.aspx" target="_blank">Minifigs</a> page. They have just started selling the Dark Age range as individual figures which allows the most to be made of the variety available, especially for DBA players. It is also handy for getting the range of different figures available for the unarmoured scouts - the DBMM list allows up to three of these. I ended up with lots spare as I bought mine just before the individual figures went on sale. They have gone to a good home though.<br />
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Swampsterhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07273339036868534074noreply@blogger.com6tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1636347795968499033.post-76228144024115380072013-02-25T23:31:00.002+00:002023-12-19T10:14:44.890+00:00Plutarch's Wars: He's Spartacus<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEifpwsCwX8vEvOhsBkuNGoO3FEqowcPMLPX9QuC9iZxATGyPXAkgtmweyqG_Hkzc3gbD_cyaSHALOgKdzcq_5Y9gxYr-FKFP-kY6X0diVI9XxiVdaIw15TBMOmTQu_KcQfxVLNfjjzWb98/s1600/Headhunter.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1024" data-original-width="413" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEifpwsCwX8vEvOhsBkuNGoO3FEqowcPMLPX9QuC9iZxATGyPXAkgtmweyqG_Hkzc3gbD_cyaSHALOgKdzcq_5Y9gxYr-FKFP-kY6X0diVI9XxiVdaIw15TBMOmTQu_KcQfxVLNfjjzWb98/s320/Headhunter.jpg" width="129" /></a> Spartacus is one of the most well known figures of antiquity, perhaps as familiar to many as Julius Caesar. The Kubrick film is largely to blame although his story had entered the general public perception even before that through at least two novels and also via Karl Marx into the sphere of revolutionary politics. Within the last few years, the doubtlessly highly historical drama based on Spartacus has hit television screens and there has been a burgeoning industry in both fiction and factual books on the gladiator.<br />
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His whole career is covered in a variety of ancient sources but even then there are really very few words written about him in those books. Even adding in the other two major slave revolts, the information would cover a handful of pages. I'll put a list of the sources and some links at the end. Modern writers have expanded on this and tried to reconcile the sometimes contradictory statements with a greater or lesser degree of success.<br />
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I won't try to write a resume of the wars - there is enough online. I'll concentrate on what I did to build a 15mm wargames army for DBMM.<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgSg1KnOSiDWMhna2_TGU7j4owAxY0bQrs4icKnF5gYaf-AIVy3zbjikH9QvcpESj5AmqVKgH-GxxihQcgChPLlscOUxgeMc_3D-CxS8Wr_N5RiyNQeD-8lTWzcVTZ4go096XJhAL_23Dw/s1600/IamSpartacus.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="264" data-original-width="639" height="132" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgSg1KnOSiDWMhna2_TGU7j4owAxY0bQrs4icKnF5gYaf-AIVy3zbjikH9QvcpESj5AmqVKgH-GxxihQcgChPLlscOUxgeMc_3D-CxS8Wr_N5RiyNQeD-8lTWzcVTZ4go096XJhAL_23Dw/s320/IamSpartacus.jpg" width="320" /></a> There are times where the purchase of a new army creeps up on you in a number of insidious ways until, before you know it, you find yourself immersed in lead.<br />
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The first step would have been easy to stop at. On a visit to Oxford, I looked in the window of a novelty tee-shirt shop and saw 'I'm Spartacus'. That's for me, I thought.<br />
The next step was that my interest in the late Republic grew. I thought the slave revolts sounded interesting, but not very practical to get an army.<br />
Soon after, we had a DBA competition at my club based around the late Republic. I had time, so I thought I'd give the slaves a go. After all, its only twelve elements - less than sixty figures. No problem.<br />
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Then, I kept coming across discounted packs of Xyston figures. Some from ebay, some from a bring and buy and others from people selling off stock. Before I knew it I had well over 100 figures, mostly psiloi.<br />
I made a start on adding to the DBA army to get ready for a DBMM100 game although that was cancelled. Then I thought I'd get them done to play DBMM200. Before I knew it, I was suggesting to my doubles partner that we took a 500 AP army to the Burton doubles. <br />
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjczfyczYzdwE41OrRG8ASTdwt914tYtdnF1zPN-GbuG6Pijdfk-cghERraC1PVRqQNwry0DyfuziQJq-kIPUdAgYFWS1TvhHulLfD62qAJ-wW7tDUWjSTIpFB_0uGVlaX9ZaHJ8pILQ9s/s1600/IamSpartacustoo.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="480" data-original-width="640" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjczfyczYzdwE41OrRG8ASTdwt914tYtdnF1zPN-GbuG6Pijdfk-cghERraC1PVRqQNwry0DyfuziQJq-kIPUdAgYFWS1TvhHulLfD62qAJ-wW7tDUWjSTIpFB_0uGVlaX9ZaHJ8pILQ9s/s320/IamSpartacustoo.jpg" width="320" /></a> That was in October I think. I already had a lot of the lead and added more to it, some of it due to Xyston bringing out more packs which I thought would mix well and partly to replace stuff I bought at Derby and promptly lost. Christmas should have seen plenting of painting time but I was struck low by various ailments so I was still basing and painting the week before the competition. It didn't help that on the final night, I checked the list and found I was a cavalry general short. I had suitable figures and managed to get him done, finishing the base at 6.30 in the morning before setting out for Burton!<br />
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The DBMM slave revolt list is split by period to represent the three major revolts, each being seen as having its distinctive features. Mine has been built for Spartacus's rebellion but I used some sources for the earlier periods for a but of inspiration.<br />
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The army is composed of, in DBMM terms, ex-slaves (horde superior), ex-slaves in Roman gear (blade inferior), gladiators and veterans (blade ordinary), shepherds (psiloi inferior), Gallic and German veterans (warband ordinary and superior) and cavalry (cavalry ordinary).<br />
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<u>The Gladiators</u><br />
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I steered clear of using gladiator figures for these for two reasons. One is that Plutarch says the escaping gladiators abandoned their gladiatorial equipment very quickly. Another is that the equipment of the early 1st century BC had probably not stabilised into the types which became the norm in the Imperial era. At this time they seem to have been basically the Samnite, the Thracian and the Gaul. There is even a suggestion that Spartacus was a 'Thracian' gladiator rather than being a native of the place, with the name being a pseudonym. However, most of the sources do give his origin as being Thrace. The one bit of kit I've used which may have been gladiatorial is the Samnite shield. This is shown in various sculptures and described by Livy. Whether he is right about their origin, this shape of shield does seem to have been used by gladiators of the 1st century BC.<br />
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http://www.livius.org/a/1/romanempire/gladiators_sIBCE_mus_munchen.JPG is an intersesting 1st century BC depiction of gladiators.<br />
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UPDATE: http://archive.archaeology.org/image.php?page=0709/trenches/jpegs/gladiators2.jpg is a fairly recently recovered 1st century BC frieze of gladiators.<br />
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For those who still want to use gladiator figures, there are some useful comparison figures of various manufacturers at <a href="http://irregularwars.blogspot.co.uk/2013/02/15mm-gladiators.html" target="_blank">Irregular Wars</a> . He also has shots of various period civilians.<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi0KjX6alvhyke-uwU1hJmWmewyiSfkpjaViQP7skiPjSeiy8N7kx6FL3qhJc2c3p9lEVm0H7Ob_L9IqvtljEEjdG2sZO7zA9jphE6GK6nffyelUJFN7Rua6kfLmZKdVmuTae7XB08Ew5M/s1600/Spartacus.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1024" data-original-width="761" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi0KjX6alvhyke-uwU1hJmWmewyiSfkpjaViQP7skiPjSeiy8N7kx6FL3qhJc2c3p9lEVm0H7Ob_L9IqvtljEEjdG2sZO7zA9jphE6GK6nffyelUJFN7Rua6kfLmZKdVmuTae7XB08Ew5M/s320/Spartacus.jpg" width="237" /></a> For Spartacus and one of his sub-generals I used Xyston <a href="http://www.scotiagrendel.com/Xyston/index.php?main_page=product_info&cPath=2_3_30_31&products_id=80" target="_blank">Gallic nobles</a>. These are very animated figures though a little smaller than the Romans and some of their other figures and have been mounted on a bit of plastic card to even out the heights. There may be differences in the build of different men but you can hardly have Spartacus being towered over by his men. I've thinned the swords somewhat and made Spartacus's curved to represent a sica. This may well be (literally) poetic licence - Sidonius's poem written half a millenium later describes the use of such a sword. The figure is also carrying the small squarish shield of a Thraex - I cut it down from a Xyston Gallic oval shield. Florus (2.8.12) describes him as a murmillo though this could also be a literary fluorish especially as the name seems to have been used for the type known as the Gaul once that province had been pacified.<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhAexD4Se7x8A2ilmmBpqW1JIICCYE8UjbHlrTW5UN9ZSLSurrs0SSN67nGRry92U98u1ZNLDzv2v36V2oWtPmcIklkmUCChAQ9wB-nUHe5UTFkK2nwVz7k4rFb5P1zmDZddgdtIOBjxsk/s1600/Crixus.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="810" data-original-width="1024" height="252" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhAexD4Se7x8A2ilmmBpqW1JIICCYE8UjbHlrTW5UN9ZSLSurrs0SSN67nGRry92U98u1ZNLDzv2v36V2oWtPmcIklkmUCChAQ9wB-nUHe5UTFkK2nwVz7k4rFb5P1zmDZddgdtIOBjxsk/s320/Crixus.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgNarP8jqkTFkwg07RHHJj8otlPcqf0UdBBeYhErsQd03beUgY3i8PAlWOgN4K5KRQaOW_lQOxLe1tIDDhfO93vTyfQb9Xg_OY_TGIsRHCxumQcEprDh-aPJoaFLbpe-vMZDP1Kwg_JIQA/s1600/Germangeneral.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="814" data-original-width="1024" height="158" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgNarP8jqkTFkwg07RHHJj8otlPcqf0UdBBeYhErsQd03beUgY3i8PAlWOgN4K5KRQaOW_lQOxLe1tIDDhfO93vTyfQb9Xg_OY_TGIsRHCxumQcEprDh-aPJoaFLbpe-vMZDP1Kwg_JIQA/s200/Germangeneral.jpg" width="200" /></a> The fighters accompanying them are Principes and Triarii from the <a href="http://www.scotiagrendel.com/Xyston/index.php?main_page=index&cPath=2_3_12_45" target="_blank">Republican Roman</a> range. I've taken off the feathers from the helmets. There are also one or two of the Carthaginian veterans in Roman armour. I've also used some lictors - "his men brought to their leader the insignia and fasces captured from
the praetors" (Florus). It helps to identify the generals from afar. One of the standard bearers has lost his hand in a previous fight (also known as a miscast).<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiR1qG4_vKkID7UCQZoesVagW59V3Kb2GcwWvMCq76p-jmAGwJU3XfBP2JOybCBQ0E3wf25Fh9OLOoro9MJMIsZrrVYbRNe9gC_3Se28uO9tWI-R46ygSRyBik_Vi7XlkNOey6HHfdjvx0/s1600/Armouredslaves1.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="639" data-original-width="1024" height="199" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiR1qG4_vKkID7UCQZoesVagW59V3Kb2GcwWvMCq76p-jmAGwJU3XfBP2JOybCBQ0E3wf25Fh9OLOoro9MJMIsZrrVYbRNe9gC_3Se28uO9tWI-R46ygSRyBik_Vi7XlkNOey6HHfdjvx0/s320/Armouredslaves1.jpg" width="320" /></a><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjyfCVO2ZjGR_mEQeP5Xb2LpCXKa4Mc92Fgght9U5JCx_q-Bt7Ae7QO4iMteb1z1EZ-_n9_6VICeONnl0uhYuHWAbMtT51WanILDTMK3IkmROxUET2-iAclqIaH-cEldt0aDdizRDr_iL4/s1600/DSCF0772.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="768" data-original-width="1024" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjyfCVO2ZjGR_mEQeP5Xb2LpCXKa4Mc92Fgght9U5JCx_q-Bt7Ae7QO4iMteb1z1EZ-_n9_6VICeONnl0uhYuHWAbMtT51WanILDTMK3IkmROxUET2-iAclqIaH-cEldt0aDdizRDr_iL4/s320/DSCF0772.jpg" width="320" /></a> The rest of the ex-slaves with Roman gear are a mishmash of Xyston types. From the Roman range there are a few hastati (mostly with the armour painted out), accensi, rorarii and penal legionaries. There are some Greek hamippoi and a few peltasts in pilos. One or two are Gauls with the trousers carved off and the tunic slightly lengthened but I found this took too long to be worth the results.<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjsUDwVt79ebKXfllfg96TwD8cTVxx19QLcFH1wubSr506ZOK2-YvDLXuldyQDi654Uxw7Xl06dPlDnhYS20XvH3OMdoT2lxE3BCoDHxQ9UdCVZ_bhgm8Qul52Q6TeU8y6gIBCtN009MGM/s1600/Armouredslaves2.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="572" data-original-width="1024" height="178" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjsUDwVt79ebKXfllfg96TwD8cTVxx19QLcFH1wubSr506ZOK2-YvDLXuldyQDi654Uxw7Xl06dPlDnhYS20XvH3OMdoT2lxE3BCoDHxQ9UdCVZ_bhgm8Qul52Q6TeU8y6gIBCtN009MGM/s320/Armouredslaves2.jpg" width="320" /></a>The shields are mostly a mix of the Xyston Roman shields, Italian scuta, Samnite shields and a few Gallic ovals. Some have been hacked about to give that 'one unlucky previous owner' look. There are pila holes in some though these can't really be seen and wasn't worth the effort. A few have been painted to look as if the leather outer layer has begun to fall off. Exactly what Republican Roman shield designs were is the source of much debate. I've used some patterns from the early Empire, a few inspired by a later painting of gladiators and some from a Republican monument. In some cases I have painted the same design but different colours. This may have been a way of distinguishing cohortes. Some are plain red with a yellow strip across the top or either side of the boss. I've imagined these as being local troops with a shield giving the name of their city. I have no evidence for this!<br />
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I wanted the warband to look different enough to be identified easily but still like recently freed slaves. There is a picture in the Osprey Spartacus book showing an attack by Crixus's Germans who look as if they have recently trotted over the Alps. I doubt that many would have had the time, the resources or the inclination to get themselves trousers made. <br />
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The first way I distinguished them was to use different shields. The superior warband carry a long shield which appear to be "rude shields of wicker work and the skins of animals" (Florus)<span style="font-family: "photinamt"; font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-family: "photinamt"; font-size: x-small;"></span></span><br />
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjiztHwnqZOFS1z3yZXXGTlR8KSCgI7IfHOmx1f-jIgH9i3lVV_EnNbsHmdOV85aRlrb6XEjg17X87Th0aQlfhJgfsSng5j9yq4AqD6zVY59da05wJ7u48rxY3tCHnxKKV8I5MrFDphqSE/s1600/ExSlaveGermans.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="635" data-original-width="1024" height="198" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjiztHwnqZOFS1z3yZXXGTlR8KSCgI7IfHOmx1f-jIgH9i3lVV_EnNbsHmdOV85aRlrb6XEjg17X87Th0aQlfhJgfsSng5j9yq4AqD6zVY59da05wJ7u48rxY3tCHnxKKV8I5MrFDphqSE/s320/ExSlaveGermans.jpg" width="320" /></a><span style="font-family: "photinamt"; font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-family: "photinamt"; font-size: x-small;"></span></span>These are from Xyston's Skythian range. They look very similar to the 'ancile' - the shield of Mars. There are shields of this type shown on the Munatius Plancus mausoleum which _may_ be Gallic going by some of the other equipment also shown. The best photos I've seen are in D'Amato and Sumner.<br />
To increase the ease of identifying the elements and also for effect, I used quite a few velites wearing animal skins and put some dogs on the stands. More on this later...<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjxMXwckvRLtjgjsz6WxTz-ziUTW29n7bDsmUbBqEzFe39IkegGCqe64sYS1mMXS9Nv0TxrFMGc5dhNZ4KK1Mpq7lV6mF-wTCejOJ8e9buCW2tFodpjOvnUuTdT7f9QUkUloyVuLNpaS28/s1600/DSCF0773.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="768" data-original-width="1024" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjxMXwckvRLtjgjsz6WxTz-ziUTW29n7bDsmUbBqEzFe39IkegGCqe64sYS1mMXS9Nv0TxrFMGc5dhNZ4KK1Mpq7lV6mF-wTCejOJ8e9buCW2tFodpjOvnUuTdT7f9QUkUloyVuLNpaS28/s320/DSCF0773.jpg" width="320" /></a> The ordinary warband carry round shields which again look as if covered in animal hides. "...small circular shields for themselves like those used by cavalrymen." (Sallust, <em>Historia). </em>They may not be rolling burning logs at the enemy but some are carrying torches to burn the property of the slave-owners or interfere with Roman fortifications. Most of these figures are either of the types of hamippoi from Xyston with a few others including some peltasts in pilos. While the felt or fur cap may be suitable for freed slaves (albeit these had freed themselves!) I had a go at converting a few by using greenstuff to give them helmets. Some are bit bulky but overall not too bad. There are also some scratchbuilt swords. My first go was to carve some out of plastic strip. These looked pretty good but it seems the superglue weakened them and they all snapped off. Instead, I squashed some wire and shaped the point.<br /><br />
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The horde and shepherds are mostly Xyston psiloi with the odd figure from OG15s and Mirliton which I had lying around. There are also some of Xyston's more recent releases such as Numidians and Judaeans. A few have shields and I might get around to adding some more - I have lots spare. Many of the javelins have been left with a black point - Sallust says that initially the slaves used fire to hardened the wooden points of the javelins. Later on, stocks of metal allowed new weapons to be made to supplement those captured. Some of this iron may even have been the ex-slaves' chains.<br />
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The dead Romans are some from Freikorp. I bought these when they first came out so must be around 25 years old.<br />
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I tried to use a variety of skin tones to represent the varied origins. After working in fields for years I dare say the differences would have been less noticeable but it adds to the effect. There are various works on the origin of slaves at this point. It is likely that the majority of slaves captured by the Romans in warfare would at this time have come from the Mithridatic Wars and the related campaigns into Thrace etc. Perhaps some were taken in the early years of the Sertorian War. Those captured when young from the Teutonic invasions and the Jugurthine War may also have been capable of fighting though I suspect they would be in the minority. There was also a steady supply of slaves from outside the empire and many of these could have been captives from inter-tribal wars as well as those who were deemed surplus population. Many would have been second or later generation slaves. Pirate raids in especially the Eastern Mediterranean would have been another source.<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhOAPmcc512X-yHhnBPo8p_3yKfWN4aWOGAI8PzogAh2hYA5x65lT4XGJO1lt3-7MXEutnXYIl7BC4R0RPjjTyR3LlCtmZvFoJjCvL50bM1eEqOZbh2x1eBXV4xplgHbxFG61_rQ4_qScI/s1600/Slaveshepherds.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="695" data-original-width="1024" height="217" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhOAPmcc512X-yHhnBPo8p_3yKfWN4aWOGAI8PzogAh2hYA5x65lT4XGJO1lt3-7MXEutnXYIl7BC4R0RPjjTyR3LlCtmZvFoJjCvL50bM1eEqOZbh2x1eBXV4xplgHbxFG61_rQ4_qScI/s320/Slaveshepherds.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
The shepherds were a group of slaves whose lives were rather different from those who worked the <em>latifundia</em> by day and were locked in barracks at night. Instead, the shepherds roamed with their sheep and were often armed to protect their flocks. More unscrupulous owners used them as a private army, raiding neighbours' property, or expected the slaves to provide themselves with food and clothing by force of arms. I feel their grading as Ps(I) in DBMM may be a bit harsh but this is part of the result of the way psiloi are counted. <br />
There is a description of them in one of the early wars as wearing wolf and boar skins, and being accompanied by fierce dogs. I decided that most of the more aggressive types could represent the warband - especially as Gallic slaves were favoured as shepherds. I had enough left over to mix a few into the psiloi though. My doubles partner also did a psiloi element with one shepherd and four sheep :).<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgVuf9_5vmvKJxCad-G2RnYNxA-vpcWE8v27mL2q7K_ZNK-WssR_xwz159YttG1Zdn7MtW1FsO3qm7BIcNiT7uLoVDZETylgQdvOHOeFlymvfXY-uxsLGB6yLS29O7HH9RZ089etlWZOqs/s1600/DSCF0768.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="768" data-original-width="1024" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgVuf9_5vmvKJxCad-G2RnYNxA-vpcWE8v27mL2q7K_ZNK-WssR_xwz159YttG1Zdn7MtW1FsO3qm7BIcNiT7uLoVDZETylgQdvOHOeFlymvfXY-uxsLGB6yLS29O7HH9RZ089etlWZOqs/s320/DSCF0768.jpg" width="320" /></a>Spartacus had a cavalry force, much of which was mounted on horses which they had captured and <br />
broken. These wouldn't have been truly wild but some of the herds may have been effectively feral. Strauss puts quite a lot of emphasis on the effectiveness of these cavalry although the sources don't say a great deal. The figures are a mixture of Xyston Greeks and Judaean horsemen. Their Numidians would also mix pretty well. <br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgrI6ixOrf4SkxOMMGhHJeYnwydDC-JbxQOaIB7yyb61pRiz5Q_jDrAJOAEkB1xMOxbYA-HVOr52rDNtPZHVbMgI1-N1IwlVPcqH3pvaJ1ActjAdL1n0d4I33Q8xMYIOkIQN3tmPzVGvBc/s1600/SlavePalisade.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="699" data-original-width="1024" height="218" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgrI6ixOrf4SkxOMMGhHJeYnwydDC-JbxQOaIB7yyb61pRiz5Q_jDrAJOAEkB1xMOxbYA-HVOr52rDNtPZHVbMgI1-N1IwlVPcqH3pvaJ1ActjAdL1n0d4I33Q8xMYIOkIQN3tmPzVGvBc/s320/SlavePalisade.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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The camp is protected by a palisade. One of the <em>Stratagems </em>describes how the slaves evaded one Roman force by propping up bodies with the camp, giving enough time to escape. This is Baueda's palisade.<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhPpyoA5vF5m4xW_2JJNkuRjReHbfpUJ-ECcTQU8WDlELuH3CEWF0zTcZZpaRYDnIj9MpHkSsaLxJSdecKv0nYoQu4WAws45MMHyNCcBZ0hBnyOKYpv5rtjxTPf1VulLAg1mT1S19VlBHs/s1600/Slavecamp.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="473" data-original-width="1024" height="147" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhPpyoA5vF5m4xW_2JJNkuRjReHbfpUJ-ECcTQU8WDlELuH3CEWF0zTcZZpaRYDnIj9MpHkSsaLxJSdecKv0nYoQu4WAws45MMHyNCcBZ0hBnyOKYpv5rtjxTPf1VulLAg1mT1S19VlBHs/s320/Slavecamp.jpg" width="320" /></a>This is the first camp I've done with a bit of a story. It also helped to use up most of the female and child figures which I'd managed to acquire.<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi20FFezoY5VVM4yanbGS4JpUUPyagdLNsZVzprQ5rucZ_q-4M2pYZOIUANSFSfcm-oUzlVwxOtDFUU2WF8aOr8kdRwmV-1rgGnOPe87SikfVpmTO4GlU4113ha3THZJfS-iv4hwRzGRIA/s1600/Priestess.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="786" data-original-width="1024" height="245" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi20FFezoY5VVM4yanbGS4JpUUPyagdLNsZVzprQ5rucZ_q-4M2pYZOIUANSFSfcm-oUzlVwxOtDFUU2WF8aOr8kdRwmV-1rgGnOPe87SikfVpmTO4GlU4113ha3THZJfS-iv4hwRzGRIA/s320/Priestess.jpg" width="320" /></a> Spartacus's wife made some prophecies. Here she is bringing down the wrath of the goddess or of Dionysus on one of the slave-owning capitalists.<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEitCS5brUQwLqb3gGhOOm6NdO-aySIdUCXnbihRZjE4e-LTsQ7B5WE7get_xcMXEYugyJ9TEBJo4Khyhw0NXb0VS2Ez4ATSYRdXfdMAjnBXtK0oXUnbKGUHxzE5YCDCMuwfYlWfU1VyEbM/s1600/NotnowCato.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="532" data-original-width="1024" height="103" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEitCS5brUQwLqb3gGhOOm6NdO-aySIdUCXnbihRZjE4e-LTsQ7B5WE7get_xcMXEYugyJ9TEBJo4Khyhw0NXb0VS2Ez4ATSYRdXfdMAjnBXtK0oXUnbKGUHxzE5YCDCMuwfYlWfU1VyEbM/s200/NotnowCato.jpg" width="200" /></a><br />
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So far, the army has been used in five games, all at 500AP and against opponents that are moderately close in history. I really prefer historical match-ups but in competition you can't be so choosy. The strength of the army is its size. In some games we tried to be too clever which just ended up with commands being defeated in detail. Our best results were when we massed the troops, spreading the losses. The horde are quite effective against light troops - they are probably better against light horse and cavalry than the mass of blades since they don't recoil and if they are lost the effect is less damaging. One has to be careful not to end up putting them behind other troops who then die, so the wings need protecting with something else.<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhqa4gr3V4LlpfLGxMRr4cIveHGL8LHS0B8XNJOAvbhVTxCDPixucXdX6t4I1Wd7Hv8o0JX9aF6BhOtswdp7UZa39TPt8Dd7hHy_cEiI0hQx8ibHcDzlbYbfRRw7KoixfH656AXpbbRtmY/s1600/Cato.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="736" data-original-width="1024" height="230" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhqa4gr3V4LlpfLGxMRr4cIveHGL8LHS0B8XNJOAvbhVTxCDPixucXdX6t4I1Wd7Hv8o0JX9aF6BhOtswdp7UZa39TPt8Dd7hHy_cEiI0hQx8ibHcDzlbYbfRRw7KoixfH656AXpbbRtmY/s320/Cato.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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Sources: </div>
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<a href="http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/ancient/3slaverevolttexts.asp" target="_blank">By author</a></div>
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Also from Attalus, the <a href="http://www.attalus.org/translate/sallust.html#3.64" target="_blank">fragments from Sallust</a> which aren't all included above</div>
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Swampsterhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07273339036868534074noreply@blogger.com6tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1636347795968499033.post-35513636376290541662013-01-02T19:56:00.002+00:002017-07-21T20:25:25.058+01:00Plutarch's Wars:north of the Danube<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/AdamclisiMetope34.jpg/450px-AdamclisiMetope34.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/AdamclisiMetope34.jpg/450px-AdamclisiMetope34.jpg" width="240" /></a></div>
I've covered some of the later forces of the various trans-Danubian people so here are some from an earlier period.<br />
The people who occupied modern Rumania are known in various sources as the Getae and the Dacians with others such as the Basternae mentioned. The whole business is complex and since the ancient sources dont agree about who was who it is difficult for modern historians to be sure. The Dacians and Getae may have been one and the same or neighbours or some other combination. The Bastarnae are described both as Celts and as Germans.<br />
A variety of ancient sources the interaction between Rome and this group of peoples. The first major conflict began just before the Third Mithridatic War and merged into it, the Bastarnae providing troops for Mithridates.<br />
For the various wars leading up to Trajan's conquest in the early 2nd century AD there are a number of sources including Strabo, Livy, Tacitus, Suetonius, Cassius Dio.<br />
One source for the appearance of the Getae (and the 'barbarised' Greeks of the Black Sea coast) is Ovid, a poet who was exiled to Tomis by Augustus - possibly for getting over-friendly with the emperor's grand-daughter. He describes the Getae having untrimmed hair and beards and that they kept off the cold with pelts and loose trousers (<i><a href="http://www.poetryintranslation.com/PITBR/Latin/OvidTristiaBkFive.htm#_Toc34217365" target="_blank">Among the Getae</a></i>). This fits pretty well with the images we have of the Dacians and possibly their allies. Considering how few pictures we have of some peoples, we are rather spoilt to have both <a href="http://www.stoa.org/trajan/" target="_blank">Trajan's Column</a> and the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tropaeum_Traiani" target="_blank">Adamklissi</a> monument. One always has to be careful about taking everything at face value, but they are still rather useful.<br />
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I have a few of Old Glory 15s Dacians. The normal packs include a mix of shielded figures with javelins and those carrying a falx. They are also either bare chested or wearing a tunic.<br />
These are some I painted:<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjYEVn4ejLtJZOi_8xYGFpVsOoR8_K9epJoRKnc9nXUUVr9_7EKNoWjq2BRwHwLzoIRhM524xT6UmFrcmm8o7coRzPjVk6qbCFlFJyqDSQZhVshlo7f03L0YlE9wlSrffPDBmDOjMP7iko/s1600/DSCF0764_zps8aedb03b.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="768" data-original-width="1024" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjYEVn4ejLtJZOi_8xYGFpVsOoR8_K9epJoRKnc9nXUUVr9_7EKNoWjq2BRwHwLzoIRhM524xT6UmFrcmm8o7coRzPjVk6qbCFlFJyqDSQZhVshlo7f03L0YlE9wlSrffPDBmDOjMP7iko/s320/DSCF0764_zps8aedb03b.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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So far, I have only finished the bare chested variants. I shall be using these as Bastarnae to make identification easier.<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiU7k9Cpgwg2fQaj3HqMgtEzVjXBujgxleBZ7Dab7QhroOoMFpwa1tygddAfc8rpFpA74sqy6iaWb5iIftOVLqP1Mmlrr4_o9oEJhYGfL_4k7TMnHbb8qtqWTl_74JRgEygpi_DajsURU4/s1600/DSCF0765_zpsb00b31c4.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="561" data-original-width="1024" height="175" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiU7k9Cpgwg2fQaj3HqMgtEzVjXBujgxleBZ7Dab7QhroOoMFpwa1tygddAfc8rpFpA74sqy6iaWb5iIftOVLqP1Mmlrr4_o9oEJhYGfL_4k7TMnHbb8qtqWTl_74JRgEygpi_DajsURU4/s320/DSCF0765_zpsb00b31c4.jpg" width="320" /></a>One possibly helpful painting source is St Jerome who describes the Getae as being yellow haired. He may have been describing the Goths so it isn't that certain. Translations disagree about the whole description - some say the Getae are ruddy (presumably complexion) and yellow haired whereas others take it as being red and yellow haired.<br />
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A note of caution about red hair. Obviously there are people today who we describe as red-haired and there jkl; will have been people with the same colouration in ancient times. However, I have seen a <a href="http://ancientgreekdna.blogspot.co.uk/" target="_blank">theory</a> that in many cases the word translated as 'red' - <i>purros </i>in Greek - could mean a lightish brown or reddish blond in many cases. I find the development of colour words interesting - brown is commonly a late word to enter a language.<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjHhqValMmYma5UNq-jutUfmkxwCnAnItpPWRgS_z8K3pYnkAFp2e5OcMX_6bm33aIBHMzmHey0duiYD6Ce3RBSs7jyp_c9RNA1Xs85-poxg28n0X5lDBL75Qk29Khl7RXdfTA1MkvYT28/s1600/DSCF0763_zps27a4e621.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="768" data-original-width="1024" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjHhqValMmYma5UNq-jutUfmkxwCnAnItpPWRgS_z8K3pYnkAFp2e5OcMX_6bm33aIBHMzmHey0duiYD6Ce3RBSs7jyp_c9RNA1Xs85-poxg28n0X5lDBL75Qk29Khl7RXdfTA1MkvYT28/s320/DSCF0763_zps27a4e621.jpg" width="320" /></a>I've also done a few Old Glory 15s Sarmatians. These are pretty much as on the <a href="http://www.colorado.edu/classics/clas1061/Graphics/Sarmatian.jpg" target="_blank">Tryphon tombstone</a> though with some armoured horses. Armour may have been rawhide as in this <a href="http://www.schmitthenner.com/images/Eurasian%20Scale.jpg" target="_blank">amazing survival</a> now at the NY Met - Strabo describes the Roxolani using this material. Pausanias describes a suit of armour made from horse hoof. If not lacquered, this may not have been too different in colour to rawhide although perhaps more shiny and it can have a slight greenish hue.Swampsterhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07273339036868534074noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1636347795968499033.post-26490817110577268532012-08-29T23:59:00.000+01:002017-07-21T20:38:56.769+01:00Hungarians of the 13th Century<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgP_rnwWJxmTsPLJxukeUYol6ZtnJ5Yg02byIgYfZa1CEgflF0k9rC-pKlzr6S1nL726eyWatFjZV1Lrizu4-o6CrEWlmvGE9GJi2KYDuHNWb54EtCUZZoFeJM6DHURc9ajjVDn6_iXnBc/s1600/DSCF0753.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="768" data-original-width="1024" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgP_rnwWJxmTsPLJxukeUYol6ZtnJ5Yg02byIgYfZa1CEgflF0k9rC-pKlzr6S1nL726eyWatFjZV1Lrizu4-o6CrEWlmvGE9GJi2KYDuHNWb54EtCUZZoFeJM6DHURc9ajjVDn6_iXnBc/s400/DSCF0753.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
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A few months back, I decided to have another go at finding some of the heraldry for the Kingdom of Hungary in the 13th century. My lack of any knowledge of Hungarian was a bit of a problem and it seemed that there was precious little available online in English although I did find a few coats in wikipedia.<br />
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In Pal Engel's book there were a few references to heraldry which made it clear that it had begun to emerge in the kingdom soon after it appeared in Western Europe. Armed with a few names, I eventually found some information. It turns out that the Hungarian for coat of arms is <em>cimer </em>from the French <em>cimier</em> meaning crest. The arms belonged to a number of gens (clans - <em>nemzetseg)</em> and I think that various members of the clans would bear the same arms or close variations. <a href="http://dominionofthesword.wikia.com/wiki/Hungarian_Dynasties" target="_blank">Here</a> is a potted history of some of the clans. One reason for this different approach is that society developed very differently in Hungary compared to Western Europe although some aspects of feudalism did appear especially under the Angevins in the 14th century.<br />
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The most useful site I found was <a href="http://hu.wikibooks.org/wiki/C%C3%ADmerhat%C3%A1roz%C3%B3/A" target="_blank">here</a>. I concentrated on those labelled <em>nemzetseg</em> as most of the entries are civic. Even without any knowledge of the language it was possible to use dates to narrow down the arms I wanted to use. There was quite a change in the style of arms into the 14th and 15th century, so I tried to make sure I used the arms from this earlier period. I saved these as a word document so that I could refer to it during painting. Even with this site, I have likely made some errors. <br />
Support for some of the arms comes from the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gesta_Hunnorum_et_Hungarorum" target="_blank"><em>Gesta Hunnorum et Hungarorum</em></a><em> </em>of the late 13th century. The author included a discussion of where some of the non-Hungarian familes had originated, many of which were German. In many cases the arms are described.<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiN4n86gD_EXNefcJ_zvQgH0JFguGLwMKXqvJ4TPHEGorNJo5h-ZkcsvegseMASMNHS1AWKY0OaQdGaxxXKvN68sp-B4HH5wh1nQC3ZImjYHz4zljY43oRsd8i-JHy2YUu81J4tXGaFGYU/s1600/DSCF0754.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="672" data-original-width="702" height="305" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiN4n86gD_EXNefcJ_zvQgH0JFguGLwMKXqvJ4TPHEGorNJo5h-ZkcsvegseMASMNHS1AWKY0OaQdGaxxXKvN68sp-B4HH5wh1nQC3ZImjYHz4zljY43oRsd8i-JHy2YUu81J4tXGaFGYU/s320/DSCF0754.jpg" width="320" /></a>By the 13th century, there were increasing numbers of people who held land within Croatia and Hungary proper so I have included a few Croatian arms. I did intend to keep them on the same base but messed up! <a href="http://www.croatians.com/CROATIAN%20HERALDRY.htm" target="_blank">Here</a> is a site with some background to Croat heraldry.<br />
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The King. I don't think I found a specific example of both sets of arms being used together, so a bit of poetic licence.<br />
(EDIT - I rememeber now - the Chronica Pictum does show this combination though it may well be anachronistic. See <a href="http://manuscriptminiatures.com/chronica-pictum/589/" target="_blank">here</a><br />
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Centre figure is OG15s flanked by two Mirliton figures.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg2T15UcZZ-uNO8a_8fOirAzZjpz-QTDpbqxxeqzi0kpLB0DqwoSs5PrsdbVNvnA-klnT9Jex8hk3GjPDh_gH9gL43JfhBaUFR40xrfA29rA6feOm8XDcGG6X-x6nrRtIMWp6yVae1Cslg/s1600/DSCF0756.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="768" data-original-width="1024" height="150" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg2T15UcZZ-uNO8a_8fOirAzZjpz-QTDpbqxxeqzi0kpLB0DqwoSs5PrsdbVNvnA-klnT9Jex8hk3GjPDh_gH9gL43JfhBaUFR40xrfA29rA6feOm8XDcGG6X-x6nrRtIMWp6yVae1Cslg/s200/DSCF0756.jpg" width="200" /></a></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Keglevic (Croat), Hermann ('Saxon'), Kaplony </td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="font-size: 12.8px; text-align: center;">Gundulic (Croat), Doroszma, Subic (Croat)</td></tr>
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There are a few alterations to some of the figures. The Vaja figure is a OG15s. It comes with quite a tall helmet which I didn't much like, so this was cut down and changed to form an early form of face mask helm. The same figure was used for Doroszma but this time the entire head was removed and replaced with a Minifigs helmet. The rest of the Minifigs figure was a bit small to fit the style of the other figures but this magnificent crest needed to be put to use. I have a couple of others which are likely to end up being used elsewhere, probably as Poles or the King of Bohemia. The Hermann figure has also had a Minifigs head grafted onto an OG15s body. The shape of the helms makes them ideal candidates for transplants, with enough room to drill a hole and insert a small piece of brass rod to keep the head secure. </div>
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For some background reading, there is a list of sources <a href="http://myweb.tiscali.co.uk/matthaywood/main/Hungarian_Sources.htm" target="_blank">here</a> . This mainly focuses on the 15th centry, so I would add the chronicle I mentioned earlier and also <a href="http://www.amazon.co.uk/Hungary-Thirteenth-Century-European-Monographs/dp/0880333367" target="_blank">Hungary in the Thirteenth Century</a> . I managed to look at both of these at my local University library. The latter book has a reasonable amount of military detail including some about the first Mongol invasion.</div>
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Swampsterhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07273339036868534074noreply@blogger.com9tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1636347795968499033.post-91950669144221581722012-08-17T14:27:00.000+01:002017-07-22T15:56:02.119+01:007th Crusade II<a href="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2f/William_II_Longesp%C3%A9e.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2f/William_II_Longesp%C3%A9e.jpg" height="320" width="129" /></a>One point about the naming of this crusade. You will find some source material (such as the Salles des Croisades) numbering it as the Sixth Crusade. This is due to debate in the past as to whether Frederick II's crusade counted; he was excommunicate at the time and he achieved his aims by the rather unknightly method of negotiation rather than by slaughtering the heathen.<br />
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Anyway, more on the participants. This crusade was predominantly French, though the Wikipedia article are a bit off the mark with the reason. Henry III of England was not involved in conflict with de Montfort at this point - relations had been strained but Henry actually stopped de Montfort going on crusade as he wanted him to govern in Gascony. Allowing him to return to Syria could have been a convenient method of getting him out of the way if necessary.<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiON0SFXSIIwNSE6XaNz6CUZzl7Lw5R-5HywproEGg6CMAOcR47igsAvxyhnq9cyWOmGLehLpktMH1AyKJ2_T-mWJ10wjxLTjaaSHK79Mssvvel-Xrl4CriAJhjeTccOrQnQwLhxSLgRIU/s1600/DSCF0752.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="769" data-original-width="760" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiON0SFXSIIwNSE6XaNz6CUZzl7Lw5R-5HywproEGg6CMAOcR47igsAvxyhnq9cyWOmGLehLpktMH1AyKJ2_T-mWJ10wjxLTjaaSHK79Mssvvel-Xrl4CriAJhjeTccOrQnQwLhxSLgRIU/s320/DSCF0752.jpg" width="316" /></a>Some English did take part however. The most famous was William II Longespée, son of the 3rd Earl of Salisbury. He is often styled Earl of Salisbury, and claimed the title himself, but his father only had the title by marriage and the younger William's mother still lived. He was not an exile and, according to a letter he sent to the Pope, accepted that the denial of the title to him was in accordance with the law. (See the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_II_Longesp%C3%A9e#cite_note-0" target="_blank">Wikipedia article</a>). In fact, he was even given an annuity by the king and Henry may have been instrumental in William gaining additional land. See the <a href="http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=M_QGAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA20&lpg=PA20&dq=matthew+paris+mansoura&source=bl&ots=Oj8NqH6Vq2&sig=QGu5r5JPS5W0hqwv2K3_0PHqEQ4&hl=en&sa=X&ei=KtnJT7vuC8S38QOAtpDmDw&ved=0CE8Q6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=matthew%20paris%20mansoura&f=false" target="_blank">History of Poole</a> from around page 16 for more detail of this character. The figure on the left of the picture is painted as Longespée.<br />
His standard is borne by a member of the de Vere family. I have used one of the variants of the standard arms with a black engrailed border. The figure on the mail barded horse bears the arms of the de Bohun's. I'm now doubtful that a prominent member of the family carried out his crusading vows but I kept them anyway.<br />
The figures are all Old Glory 15s.<br />
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These are also Old Glory 15s - lances have been replaced as those moulded on are rather flimsy.<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhITrLuF4_YtU1uwVvA8wjhF7i8lhdynwmqkqd8xkyDzSj_InMsTO9a9fbbAGifUhjDeMT7sUhJkLVtBuuUvUdysQ0Ndwmv4YN078d4-wGtQg6mWzsv3KBlDPQVHXSPpYqB1unDRJ28t1k/s1600/DSCF0746.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="480" data-original-width="640" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhITrLuF4_YtU1uwVvA8wjhF7i8lhdynwmqkqd8xkyDzSj_InMsTO9a9fbbAGifUhjDeMT7sUhJkLVtBuuUvUdysQ0Ndwmv4YN078d4-wGtQg6mWzsv3KBlDPQVHXSPpYqB1unDRJ28t1k/s320/DSCF0746.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
They are painted as some of the knights from Frankish Romania. In the centre is de la Roche, Duke of Athens (though he was in the 8th, not 7th, crusade). On the right of the picture are the rather plain arms of the decidedly unplain sounding Katzenellenbogen.<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi4jW8Ig2rH-C4q4X55J7JkUlCX69rzvoYzwmc6owYbAiVTLnqZdQwUpAY1iFEIfxMEx-Ew4fqLh6lwMzroKbedX8Oit2N1xXyLb1iFastV3Kif6rc5nqG5v4P57KUr5qzgvdvY3FJmKls/s1600/DSCF0747.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="480" data-original-width="640" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi4jW8Ig2rH-C4q4X55J7JkUlCX69rzvoYzwmc6owYbAiVTLnqZdQwUpAY1iFEIfxMEx-Ew4fqLh6lwMzroKbedX8Oit2N1xXyLb1iFastV3Kif6rc5nqG5v4P57KUr5qzgvdvY3FJmKls/s320/DSCF0747.jpg" width="320" /></a>More OG15s. The centre arms are those of Ibelin, borne by the Count of Jaffa. There is an interesting passage in Joinville:<br />
"The Count of Jaffa came ashore upon our left, who was cousin-german to the Count
of Montbeliart, and of the lineage of Joinville. He it was who made the most
noble show at landing; for his galley came up all painted above and below water
with his escutcheons, the arms of which are "or with a cross gules patee." He
had about three hundred oarsmen in his galley, and each oarsman bore a target
with his arms, and to each target was attached a streamer with his arms embossed
in gold."<br />
This is one of the few instances I have seen where it shows the rank and file also bearing the arms of their lord.<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhWzuIZR2HI2uQSFMuBoUYCI6qeOs8fmcHkFwTI2S3ZSKeRzvC1GPqE_aQAaIlAI9cLGALaqJ-rM66TcTm008CW0yqEJq53rIFJXDupOavpqKtBIASvzGOyHNS9p49HXPtgx43IGRiRKdw/s1600/DSCF0750.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="456" data-original-width="599" height="243" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhWzuIZR2HI2uQSFMuBoUYCI6qeOs8fmcHkFwTI2S3ZSKeRzvC1GPqE_aQAaIlAI9cLGALaqJ-rM66TcTm008CW0yqEJq53rIFJXDupOavpqKtBIASvzGOyHNS9p49HXPtgx43IGRiRKdw/s320/DSCF0750.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
Finally, some more French knights.<br />
The main reason I have included this is because it shows a mix of Old Glory (right) and Mirliton (left). The two ranges mix very well. The OG shields are slightly smaller. I do have some gripes with the range. They are sold as 3rd crusade whereas they are far more suitable for the mid-13th century though some have an older style helm. They also lack a saddle cloth on either the figure or the horse and there is a ridge underneath which stops them sitting well on the horse.However it was easy enough to make a green stuff saddle cloth and this helped the figures to sit well. I like the full mail bard on some of the horses and there is a wider range of horse pose than Mirliton.<br />
<br />Swampsterhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07273339036868534074noreply@blogger.com5tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1636347795968499033.post-18869985359905156432012-07-01T09:34:00.000+01:002017-07-18T16:58:50.955+01:00Alphonse of Poitiers<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<a href="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/52/Alphons_de_Poitiers.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; cssfloat: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="200" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/52/Alphons_de_Poitiers.jpg" vca="true" width="152" /></a><br />
King Louis was accompanied on crusade by his brothers, Robert of Artois, Charles of Anjou and Alphonse of Poitiers.<br />
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Alphonse was the third oldest of the brothers (of those who survived childhood) and was given a sizeable amount of power and responsibility. He helped command against the English in the Saintonge War while still in his early twenties.<br />
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<a href="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Armoiries_Alphonse_Poitiers.svg/545px-Armoiries_Alphonse_Poitiers.svg.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; cssfloat: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="200" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Armoiries_Alphonse_Poitiers.svg/545px-Armoiries_Alphonse_Poitiers.svg.png" vca="true" width="181" /></a></div>
His mother was Blanche of Castile and this is represented in his arms. <br />
Robert bore a label with the Castilian fortress on it and Charles initially had a bordure, also with the castle marked aroundit.<br />
Blanche was seemingly a pretty formidable woman and made her mark through her sons. She was regent both in Louis's minority and again when he was abroad. He showed his respect to her in the decoration of the Sainte Chapelle in Paris- while the current decoration is a 19th century restoration it follows the likely original and for much of the surface the arms of France and Castile are scattered evenly across the walls. This chapel, incidentally, is well worth a visit. I went to watch a classical concert there and night which gives a chance to absorb the atmosphere and gaze at the decoration.<br />
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<a href="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1b/Sceau-Alphonse-de-Poitiers.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; cssfloat: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1b/Sceau-Alphonse-de-Poitiers.jpg" vca="true" /></a></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhful3i_ERDen1YW6Xtf_SpWWOoLozbo_ZaCACoerxiVCVBbSC3cDS_Jqvx2jmjLZp3j5pFL-8ZgfMhLLpMl7zp14T7yfRdqkLz0Yx2neb6WVg4GHnmZ73uB9U2xyg5ZLgtRpzdzlS5k0E/s1600/DSCF0740+-+Copy.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="331" data-original-width="284" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhful3i_ERDen1YW6Xtf_SpWWOoLozbo_ZaCACoerxiVCVBbSC3cDS_Jqvx2jmjLZp3j5pFL-8ZgfMhLLpMl7zp14T7yfRdqkLz0Yx2neb6WVg4GHnmZ73uB9U2xyg5ZLgtRpzdzlS5k0E/s320/DSCF0740+-+Copy.jpg" width="274" /></a>Alphonse's seal shows how the arms were portrayed on the caparison - France at the front, Castile at the back. </div>
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This layout, more than anything else, was the reason I wanted to paint the figure.</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhqTfj2Tf2jngs-0v2hv4yPHjCQZ08IAOirUYf0K5AQMEoQ0zeAQtZ-qizdyP49CVE8JP4vNosyvC-jNdGcdTjo8Ez-b2a6iWx0U8E3DqS2D3E1-2Io_1bGs-tJoqXJUeLAOoYyQ7dib0A/s1600/DSCF0742+-+Copy.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="366" data-original-width="477" height="245" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhqTfj2Tf2jngs-0v2hv4yPHjCQZ08IAOirUYf0K5AQMEoQ0zeAQtZ-qizdyP49CVE8JP4vNosyvC-jNdGcdTjo8Ez-b2a6iWx0U8E3DqS2D3E1-2Io_1bGs-tJoqXJUeLAOoYyQ7dib0A/s320/DSCF0742+-+Copy.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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<a href="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/74/Alphonse_de_Poitiers_02.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; cssfloat: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="139" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/74/Alphonse_de_Poitiers_02.jpg" vca="true" width="200" /></a>Alphonse was married to the heiress of the County of Toulouse and when his father in law died, Alphonse gained control of the county. This shows an interesting banner with the arms of Toulouse added to those of Alphonse, each portion of equal size. </div>
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Alphonse seems to have been rather more level headed than his brother Robert. He fought well in the Seventh Crusade and returned to France to be co-regent when his mother died and Louis was still in the Holy Land. He took part in further campaigns to consolidate the gains from the English in France and then accompanied Louis on the Eighth Crusade to Tunis. This ended disastrously for the French but in a different way to the Seventh Crusade. This time, disease took many of the crusaders including Louis. Alphonse made it back to Europe where both he and his wife died.</div>
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One of his legacies was to leave the Holy See a grant of land which became the seat of the Avignon Papacy. </div>
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Swampsterhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07273339036868534074noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1636347795968499033.post-45123005562612281832012-05-27T19:54:00.000+01:002017-07-18T16:55:28.273+01:00St Louis and the 7th Crusade<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg9u7N3KMP5Fab7r06l6-e_7RS6lRt6RNBFJRfBcMJRVi-tBLQNh8suCk9RZemmzh1qOrK9MzpDDOFFzpLZUQXEG5g431J9rteelKrkL8nW7cTCU_GRIVrQDjfXFHj7hF07WCwHoZ0g6CM/s1600/DSCF0739+-+Copy.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="200" data-original-width="190" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg9u7N3KMP5Fab7r06l6-e_7RS6lRt6RNBFJRfBcMJRVi-tBLQNh8suCk9RZemmzh1qOrK9MzpDDOFFzpLZUQXEG5g431J9rteelKrkL8nW7cTCU_GRIVrQDjfXFHj7hF07WCwHoZ0g6CM/s1600/DSCF0739+-+Copy.jpg" /></a>The latest Slingshot (281) has an article about the 7th Crusade so I thought I would put up some pictures of figures I have painted for this campaign. I won't say very much about the background of the crusade - the article covers the main points. For more detail you can go to the <a href="http://etext.virginia.edu/toc/modeng/public/WedLord.html" target="_blank">eyewitness account of de Joinville</a> . Bartlett's <a href="http://www.amazon.co.uk/Last-Crusade-Seventh-Final-Battle/dp/0752443895/ref=sr_1_4?s=books&ie=UTF8&qid=1338143482&sr=1-4" target="_blank">'The Last Crusade'</a> is essentially a retelling of de Joinville with some additional information. <br />
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All the figures are 15mm Mirliton.<br />
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Firstly, the king - Louis IX.<br />
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Suffice to say that if you ever ch<br />
oose to paint these arms then you do indeed need the patience of a saint or a liking for fleurs-de-lys.<br />
The figure with the plain red banner is painted with the arms of Clement as shown in a stained glass window in Chartres cathedral.<br />
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He was actually marshal of France a generation before this crusade, but I liked the arms and kept his association with the flag, the famous Oriflamme.<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjB0WNlFQFOROMdzCA55zZO7DA-r4WaaZBEtDT5AbQtt0idcRxHEhq6IE8Mw2QTa_VBc4FHiPdF6-nWLLvrYhc0EtVCWHifC28TdWyarmE7Ojcnw60IJ2PHNCxyM2RsG7cBeRJMCHagTl4/s1600/DSCF0738+-+Copy.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="356" data-original-width="309" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjB0WNlFQFOROMdzCA55zZO7DA-r4WaaZBEtDT5AbQtt0idcRxHEhq6IE8Mw2QTa_VBc4FHiPdF6-nWLLvrYhc0EtVCWHifC28TdWyarmE7Ojcnw60IJ2PHNCxyM2RsG7cBeRJMCHagTl4/s320/DSCF0738+-+Copy.jpg" width="277" /></a>There are various descriptions of the Oriflamme through the years and it is possible that it was replaced over the years. <a href="http://xenophongroup.com/montjoie/orifl-b2.htm" target="_blank">This site</a> gives a potted history of its appearance and the battles where it is thought to have been carried.<br />
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Since first painting the flag I added a bit of 'brocade' effect, just to add a bit of interest.<br />
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Next is de Joinville, whose account gives us so much detail about this crusade. <br />
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This is a slightly later illustration of de Joinville from a 14th century edition of his memoirs. It is useful for showing how the arms were carried on the horse bard.<br />
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I have chosen a figure with a kettle hat rather than a full helm. De Joinville recounts how he gave the king his own to allow the king some relief from the heat.<br />
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhGkUWZ7fIIBHOUEBd-2g0NpZEymHo6huBHklp5cjHw3gl2VqHkkGiYkPVU66OiIjdFHNX7HbM085wD-COAYS2fmLdpuOjOd1yNZ-WVA86qBioMUCoTYlLz0_qIkB1_d-MkVrReW0plxBc/s1600/DSCF0552.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="480" data-original-width="640" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhGkUWZ7fIIBHOUEBd-2g0NpZEymHo6huBHklp5cjHw3gl2VqHkkGiYkPVU66OiIjdFHNX7HbM085wD-COAYS2fmLdpuOjOd1yNZ-WVA86qBioMUCoTYlLz0_qIkB1_d-MkVrReW0plxBc/s320/DSCF0552.jpg" width="320" /></a><br />
The figure next to him, Hughes de Trichatel, lord of Conflans, is mentioned as carrying his banner at Mansourah.<br />
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I'll put some more pictures of personalities from this crusade in my next post, including some non-French.Swampsterhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07273339036868534074noreply@blogger.com4tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1636347795968499033.post-79148306397549323142012-05-13T22:23:00.000+01:002017-07-22T15:58:46.744+01:00Persian Era EgyptiansIt's been a long time since I've posted, so something quite quick...<br />
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A good while back, I bought a few packs of Xyston Egyptian spearmen largely because I liked the look of them rather than any hope that they'd be a worthwhile addition to a Persian army. They had sat in the lead mountain for a couple of years but I thought I'd try and get them painted in time for the Plataea Society of Ancients game.<br />
As it turned out, I didn't get them done in time but as they were nearly finished I carried on with them rather than add them to the nearly-finished-but-not-ready-to-put-on-the-table pile.<br />
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This is how they turned out.<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi6Fu2uqVomouBejh-H4sL3Ccfq9H_UMeIFjxwOXO3n8mjABRdoSRo38B9ZB8JpOD5oRbYVPLy1H6ItQpTwNHSmZo3kRCvhbRv7lqUMyx5B5-zqs3eHG2cviKwourVWDANGNde2OwjsGjo/s1600/DSCF0725.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="480" data-original-width="640" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi6Fu2uqVomouBejh-H4sL3Ccfq9H_UMeIFjxwOXO3n8mjABRdoSRo38B9ZB8JpOD5oRbYVPLy1H6ItQpTwNHSmZo3kRCvhbRv7lqUMyx5B5-zqs3eHG2cviKwourVWDANGNde2OwjsGjo/s400/DSCF0725.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
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The figures are a straight rendition of the reconstruction in Duncan Head's Achaemenid book. <br />
Much of this is based on the description in Herodotus <br />
<em>"The Egyptians furnished two hundred ships. Their crews had plaited helmets upon their heads, and bore concave shields with rims of unusual size. They were armed with spears suited for a sea-fight, and with huge pole-axes. The greater part of them wore breastplates; and all had long cutlasses. " <a href="http://www.parstimes.com/history/herodotus/persian_wars/polymnia.html">http://www.parstimes.com/history/herodotus/persian_wars/polymnia.html</a></em><br />
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There is also the description in Xenophon's <em>Cyropaedia (7.33) </em>which describes the use of long spears and large shields which they lock together as they advance on the Persians. The whole passage has many suspect features but some of what he writes may represent Egyptian practice in his own day.<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgZVIMSRCNio3Q5W-DPLzEJEcN89ETP2eUEnGnFS5MaWaiWFLn_9UE1Uhke-v4EcGtNkWlYoUsmz2Z3DD9-R48UKKhww5litBn05k8PqdrjZ4y2llCS1h5LqyWrcJulNgoYYfG-TSiFlBY/s1600/DSCF0726.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="480" data-original-width="640" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgZVIMSRCNio3Q5W-DPLzEJEcN89ETP2eUEnGnFS5MaWaiWFLn_9UE1Uhke-v4EcGtNkWlYoUsmz2Z3DD9-R48UKKhww5litBn05k8PqdrjZ4y2llCS1h5LqyWrcJulNgoYYfG-TSiFlBY/s320/DSCF0726.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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The shape of the shield may have been the inspiration for Assyrian shields, replacing their earlier large roud shields. They certainly resemble earlier Egyptian shields though greatly enlarged. Alternatively the Egyptians may have adopted an Assyrian shield which resembled their own earlier shields; sort of convergent evolution.<br />
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The same figures would probably be suitable for Saitic Egyptians - the 26th to 30th dynasties - though finding matching figures might be a problem. One of the reasons I painted the shields in different ways was to be able to pick out Guard infantry if I ever decided to expand the force.<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgNT-8ryqEdJyutpHYJhACIKj9SIZnCb8pY6_e-M7APwL9XP2BJz_6wP5MEFMuAJxEH2txrKCP3z7Rcz2REWISyLynl7gXsXOM0b3maAHL9spVvdQgfcRfiZVrZF6USPyKHwLGZvQNVnsw/s1600/DSCF0727.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="480" data-original-width="640" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgNT-8ryqEdJyutpHYJhACIKj9SIZnCb8pY6_e-M7APwL9XP2BJz_6wP5MEFMuAJxEH2txrKCP3z7Rcz2REWISyLynl7gXsXOM0b3maAHL9spVvdQgfcRfiZVrZF6USPyKHwLGZvQNVnsw/s320/DSCF0727.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
I also wanted to try out different styles of shield. One pair of elements have a basic rawhide look but these have the traditional spotted cowskin look as was traditional in earlier times.<br />
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As for the men's skin, I did use a darker tone than usual but the photos make them look lighter than they are. When I did my New Kingdom Egyptians I found it difficult to get a tone I was happy with.<br />
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Coincidentally, two recent TMP threads on Egyptians are useful, with links to pictures of Egyptian <a href="http://theminiaturespage.com/boards/msg.mv?id=267568" target="_blank">cowskin</a> and to the way that the Ancient Egyptians showed their own <a href="http://theminiaturespage.com/boards/msg.mv?id=258602" target="_blank">skin colour </a>Swampsterhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07273339036868534074noreply@blogger.com6tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1636347795968499033.post-67248692158299876122012-01-20T22:28:00.002+00:002017-07-22T16:13:02.228+01:00Magyars<div class="separator" style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none; clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Magyarok-Bejovetele-ChroniconPictum.jpg/718px-Magyarok-Bejovetele-ChroniconPictum.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; cssfloat: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Magyarok-Bejovetele-ChroniconPictum.jpg/718px-Magyarok-Bejovetele-ChroniconPictum.jpg" height="266" nfa="true" width="320" /></a></div>
As with various other projects, these started largely because I bought a couple of packs just because I liked the look. I was spurred on because I didn't have a suitable army for Warfare 2011, the theme for DBMM being the 'Horrible Huns'.<br />
I decided to use the figures to form an Early Hungarian army which covers the period from the foundation of the kingdom until the Mongol conquest. The competition only allowed armies until 1150 so this directed me to the style of heavy cavalry to paint.<br />
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Unlike the slightly later period I have concentrated on, the amount of source material is pretty scanty for 11th century Hungary. There is the Chronicum Pictum - see the picture on the right - which shows events from the early kingdom, but this is actually 14th century. It does, however, show various figures in top coats and is some guide to reasonable colours.</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhiYL6-at1Di0VRPYKAYPmmGcKhJI8Tff-e1q4bEDqs0NU3uolXqRIqS4v5TYgrJnLFXYxiZ6zZFeErGdT40VPRHsE3Ln0FMwB-ocHboEDiQBj6QwJHH5daFcumMPJtmv1ZxSn5MyNG_w0/s1600/DSCF0680.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="480" data-original-width="640" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhiYL6-at1Di0VRPYKAYPmmGcKhJI8Tff-e1q4bEDqs0NU3uolXqRIqS4v5TYgrJnLFXYxiZ6zZFeErGdT40VPRHsE3Ln0FMwB-ocHboEDiQBj6QwJHH5daFcumMPJtmv1ZxSn5MyNG_w0/s320/DSCF0680.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
For the mass of the Magyar horsemen I used these figures from Donnington's New Era range.<br />
The shooting archers are 'break waist' allowing a nice range of poses. It means you can get a lot of movement on the bases.<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhCSy5xpq94TPqif9pUu5j4jaU7B_c-mCcmkN4vHOIn4dNLuDY7mOxsFaJI-PmmFTXK2Y6OJhdMG_2bDiBMQMJA7g0oAAjFvX3dynvjvFClyqHND1p_fLhKNFidDnEcQNJiWB2Qf-M9yV8/s1600/DSCF0682.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="480" data-original-width="640" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhCSy5xpq94TPqif9pUu5j4jaU7B_c-mCcmkN4vHOIn4dNLuDY7mOxsFaJI-PmmFTXK2Y6OJhdMG_2bDiBMQMJA7g0oAAjFvX3dynvjvFClyqHND1p_fLhKNFidDnEcQNJiWB2Qf-M9yV8/s320/DSCF0682.jpg" width="320" /></a><br />
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Pechenegs formed a part of the army from before<br />
the foundation of the kingdom. They may possibly have been settled by the kings in colonies to help to maintain royal control. A paper called 'Pechenegs, Cumans and Iasians' gives some interesting background if you like the academic detail - it is available on scribd but I'm never sure of the copyright status of such things so won't link to it!</div>
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These are the Donnington Pechenegs. The beards are supposed to have been a particular feature of these tribes. Again, some of the figures are break waisted.</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhNVAHi0e74d4l2G2CwkIrXoUhlgu-FodQrLHAgdXs5ngMllesR2uWGr_HmUyhkQIbPNlrBnVbhr2IxHkSeZ7wQz6XAXf5bWOrm-dtEFil2Elvbx2RgePDWMRAtw6Jajml5zcCQ43m_cSQ/s1600/DSCF0683.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="328" data-original-width="541" height="194" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhNVAHi0e74d4l2G2CwkIrXoUhlgu-FodQrLHAgdXs5ngMllesR2uWGr_HmUyhkQIbPNlrBnVbhr2IxHkSeZ7wQz6XAXf5bWOrm-dtEFil2Elvbx2RgePDWMRAtw6Jajml5zcCQ43m_cSQ/s320/DSCF0683.jpg" width="320" /></a>I also have a few of the Donnington 'Bulgar' figures. Over time, the costume of the Hungarians became similar to this - in fact you can see elements of what would become the traditional hussar outfit. You can see this outfit in such as Mirliton's later period Hungarian cavalry.</div>
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This shows some Bulgarians facilitating the martyrdom of some Byzantines. Other pictures from the same period show other trouser colours incluidng red. The Donnington figures have these long trousers but I decided to keep the look similar to the Magyars and painted them as if tucked into longer boots.</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiz0wxqyoVLyQHRmrnOHajKHwIYaxRZ6iIFBP8NsLaFOLs15ewShWlxwNcxqRE_4dsAJpLU3rEfmK4V2mnD7AgLBgXBpe5d4nuZUtBHv6_5se9zFrQZMaBw0o1Qn7FDNgl6_ePPz7EZjck/s1600/DSCF0684.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="288" data-original-width="639" height="144" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiz0wxqyoVLyQHRmrnOHajKHwIYaxRZ6iIFBP8NsLaFOLs15ewShWlxwNcxqRE_4dsAJpLU3rEfmK4V2mnD7AgLBgXBpe5d4nuZUtBHv6_5se9zFrQZMaBw0o1Qn7FDNgl6_ePPz7EZjck/s320/DSCF0684.jpg" width="320" /></a>This shows Donnington figures compared to Black Hat figures including one of their Hungarians. I used my Black Hat figures - mostly a mix of their Cumans and Hungarians - to stand for the Szekelers in the Hungarian army.<br />
The figures are a pretty good match for size and style.<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhcfwQ2Qb4-GypMY5b0qT-S9y6SbBIZlxwIN6VCOoXHOZ3oJdI1Xk7LXFr8YesmwXQXjHhuvJ1C8iF4NQY5UF_WypO9yAwuga9_DF4e9lnrh_0ZcFIzQpHfnNWcZBiiwEBK97E1oqZoj14/s1600/DSCF0685.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="295" data-original-width="492" height="191" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhcfwQ2Qb4-GypMY5b0qT-S9y6SbBIZlxwIN6VCOoXHOZ3oJdI1Xk7LXFr8YesmwXQXjHhuvJ1C8iF4NQY5UF_WypO9yAwuga9_DF4e9lnrh_0ZcFIzQpHfnNWcZBiiwEBK97E1oqZoj14/s320/DSCF0685.jpg" width="320" /></a>These are the Donnington cavalry. I use them for the traditionally armed heavier cavalry. I like the <br />
figures though perhaps a couple of different armoured archers would help with variety. The bowcases are separate and I'm afraid I left them off most of the figures.<br />
The horse tailed banner was used by the Magyars and other steppe origin armies. They seem to have continued to use them for a while after occupying what became Hungary.<br />
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The first king of Hungary, Stephen I, was helped in his struggle for leadership by Germans. Bavarians provided the bulk though over the next couple of centuries the origin of these troops became more varied; they were know as 'Saxons' though there origin was from various parts of Germany, especially the Rhinelands. There were also Flemish, French, Spanish and English immigrants.<br />
This later portrayal of Stephen shows the apostolic cross which was sent to him by the Pope. It is debateable whether he used this as his arms - this was before true heraldry. It does form part of the modern arms of Hungary and Slovakia. The stripes may date back to this period, being replaced as the main symbol by the cross but later returning to pre-eminence.<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhgB8RCVv4Dm76DEnbWAglfujpEMjMvYMZh52TWRLeAwLLiKTdqIot5-z9T8hF6nLdrLwZXI4z46XwEux3XGVa4iMNjlICJTbbtzIo_e8XJdw3736pWkvTb-5aXasVQ7iTbghc26Q8oN1Y/s1600/DSCF0702.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="1600" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhgB8RCVv4Dm76DEnbWAglfujpEMjMvYMZh52TWRLeAwLLiKTdqIot5-z9T8hF6nLdrLwZXI4z46XwEux3XGVa4iMNjlICJTbbtzIo_e8XJdw3736pWkvTb-5aXasVQ7iTbghc26Q8oN1Y/s320/DSCF0702.jpg" width="320" /></a>This is my first go at a Hungarian general, carrying the striped flag and shield. The three figures on the central base are part of the Donnington Norman range. The figure on the left wears a helmet which is shown in the Osprey book on the Normans though he is supposed to be 12th century. I think he looks better as a semi-westernised Hungarian. The bird is the earlier, re-Christian symbol of the Arpad dynasty.</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEivn9SPXCkr1pStplWux2yzvhKtZR4kaMBnvJBYI5P-Dtz0nVsiFbKZr6eH5DmyMk9TRjSQArSCsfUl5j0WGTcaYcbgUE-Sng-AVVobKz0s-7J7ZfqrHt10k7F7zG7Nt7dud5XCS1YIakY/s1600/DSCF0699.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="1600" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEivn9SPXCkr1pStplWux2yzvhKtZR4kaMBnvJBYI5P-Dtz0nVsiFbKZr6eH5DmyMk9TRjSQArSCsfUl5j0WGTcaYcbgUE-Sng-AVVobKz0s-7J7ZfqrHt10k7F7zG7Nt7dud5XCS1YIakY/s320/DSCF0699.jpg" width="320" /></a>The possibly 11th century <em><a href="http://www.thelatinlibrary.com/legenda.stephani.html" target="_blank">Legenda Maior</a></em> of St Stephen* says that he carried the banners of St George and St Martin (...<em>sub vexillo Deo dilecti pontificis Martini Sanctique martyris Georgii ducibus...</em>) against his pagan uncle. I decided to paint one in a Byzantine style since there was some influence from there despite Stephen adopting catholicism. This can be seen in the decoration of the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crown_of_Saint_Stephen" target="_blank">crown known as St Stephen's</a> (which is fairly likely to post date him).<br />
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I already have a banner of St Martin on some of my Ghibelline cavalry, so I decided to do St George. There seem to be two traditions - one is the familar fight against the dragon but there is also a more <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Icon8.jpg" target="_blank">portrait style</a> which I decided to use. <br />
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The red cross on the shield may be from a slightly later period.<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiwUfeJz0v6LrF9fhBICT8hakETHdQvWfn5z-8BHgKrHZPnoikUxesJc9BhrvDsokkmmRHrnFokRBUB3KqbYLBxe-jIdJExYLbhbPqGJL_8Lz-bPcywpGgfIJlzL0u4sBySyv6fIGZvl28/s1600/DSCF0700.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="1600" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiwUfeJz0v6LrF9fhBICT8hakETHdQvWfn5z-8BHgKrHZPnoikUxesJc9BhrvDsokkmmRHrnFokRBUB3KqbYLBxe-jIdJExYLbhbPqGJL_8Lz-bPcywpGgfIJlzL0u4sBySyv6fIGZvl28/s320/DSCF0700.jpg" width="320" /></a>The figures are from QR Miniatures, a Polish compay which has lately added a couple of Early Medieval ranges. These are the Early Polish and Eastern Franks which can be bought as complete DBA packs. I only bought the cavalry. These are the East Franks and I thought they gave a nice mix of style representing the transition of gear. The previous picture shows that they mix pretty well with Donningon. The style of sculpture is slightly more basic than some other recent ranges but I like them and there are some great poses. The Poles are not quite so well posed but there are some very nice figures amongst them. The middle figures of each of these bases is from the Polish range - the pointing 'general' on the left is particularly nice.</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjiz2vw3LOo4OmNifdvutrAjimeNmntLi5GVtRlxNPowHUYXc86ff3bCCD96jJfc4QzBOMUlV6kioyQUMwnbZQR6zP8TuHCOXiY01zQE0sv5fabLwsfGVaa8g4hv3GMF4RoUIGhABOyFzE/s1600/DSCF0701.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="1600" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjiz2vw3LOo4OmNifdvutrAjimeNmntLi5GVtRlxNPowHUYXc86ff3bCCD96jJfc4QzBOMUlV6kioyQUMwnbZQR6zP8TuHCOXiY01zQE0sv5fabLwsfGVaa8g4hv3GMF4RoUIGhABOyFzE/s320/DSCF0701.jpg" width="320" /></a><br />
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*Incidentally, St Stephen is, amongst other things, patron saint of brick layers...</div>
Swampsterhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07273339036868534074noreply@blogger.com6tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1636347795968499033.post-47107614415844300552011-12-29T21:16:00.001+00:002017-07-02T19:08:59.267+01:00More Baggage<div style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none;">
It's been far too long since my last post so I thought I'd put up a few more photos of different types of baggage.</div>
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<a href="https://content-eu.drive.amazonaws.com/cdproxy/templink/GJdyHPZBpMoiU9h3QOEwv92k7PclZr81FH3WOHl0qkkpX92IB?viewBox=1904" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="480" data-original-width="640" height="240" src="https://content-eu.drive.amazonaws.com/cdproxy/templink/GJdyHPZBpMoiU9h3QOEwv92k7PclZr81FH3WOHl0qkkpX92IB?viewBox=1904" width="320" /></a>A while ago I made a version of de Montfort's carriage. At the time I wasn't entirely happy so I thought I'd have another go.</div>
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The draught horse is by Donnington. The rider and infantryman are Old Glory. The wheels are from <a href="http://www.langleymodels.co.uk/acatalog/Wheels.html">Langley Models</a>, a fantastic source for all sorts of size and type of wheel. Good service too!<br />
For those who like such stuff, the rider bears the Lambton arms - possibly those of Sir John of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lambton_Worm">Lambton Worm</a> fame.<br />
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The lower body of the wagon is plastic card. I then bent some florists' wire to shape for tilt supports. I tried tissue but that was too porous. The original pictures also make the upper porion look quite rigid so I used thin card. I wasn't sure whether to have the ends rigid or open but I settled on making curtains out of Green Stuff. I then thought I could take advantage of the curtains and have a go at making a passenger out of Green Stuff too.<br />
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I was quite pleased with the result.<br />
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EDIT: See Schilling's Berne Chronicle for details of a similar but 15th century cart<br />
http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/en/list/one/bbb/Mss-hh-I0001 p.405<br />
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<a href="https://content-eu.drive.amazonaws.com/cdproxy/templink/4OKnNw1kX2lQs8CvNgqH5vU8GtIRCC2fsLeoERAuqScpX92IB?viewBox=1904" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="480" data-original-width="640" height="240" src="https://content-eu.drive.amazonaws.com/cdproxy/templink/4OKnNw1kX2lQs8CvNgqH5vU8GtIRCC2fsLeoERAuqScpX92IB?viewBox=1904" width="320" /></a>Some DBMM Medieval armies can have pack horses as baggage elements so I have these from Donnington. The various bits of cargo are separate so can be arranged as you wish.<br />
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The wagon behind is also Donnington and again the cargo which comes with it is separate, allowing a variety of loads.<br />
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<a href="https://content-eu.drive.amazonaws.com/cdproxy/templink/bIQbeF20LcpgCm3Yam5os1DA6C9w4aZElpH0AKrZL0UpX92IB?viewBox=1904" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="299" data-original-width="446" height="214" src="https://content-eu.drive.amazonaws.com/cdproxy/templink/bIQbeF20LcpgCm3Yam5os1DA6C9w4aZElpH0AKrZL0UpX92IB?viewBox=1904" width="320" /></a>Quite some time ago, I bought some Alain Touller Mongol Baggage. This is a nice little set with a rider, a family on foot and a few Bactrian camels. <br />
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The tent is from Baueda.<br />
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<a href="https://content-eu.drive.amazonaws.com/cdproxy/templink/EQN0xFwfxMQPrbsJwEIJUiivRnovR7g0t747I4DDrAUpX92IB?viewBox=1904" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="480" data-original-width="640" height="240" src="https://content-eu.drive.amazonaws.com/cdproxy/templink/EQN0xFwfxMQPrbsJwEIJUiivRnovR7g0t747I4DDrAUpX92IB?viewBox=1904" width="320" /></a>The pony and camels are pretty small compared to other companies' - not necessarily unrealistically sized but small enough to not mix well. The humans would mix pretty well with Essex and similar sized figures.</div>
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More recently, thanks to a post on TMP, I came across <a href="http://www.qrminiatures.pl/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=1&Itemid=1&lang=en">QR Miniatures</a>. Most of the range is Renaissance although they also produce some Poles and Eastern Franks from the 11th century which aren't yet on the website.</div>
I ordered some of their horses since a number of DBMM armies have pony herds for their baggage elements. There aren't many suitable horses lacking tack so I jumped at these. I was pleased with them though I'd still buy some shaggy steppe ponies if I could get them.<br />
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EDIT: Thanks to Geoff on TMP; another source of ponies are QRF's '<a href="http://quickreactionforce.co.uk/index.php?main_page=product_info&products_id=6400" target="_blank">Yellow Ribbon</a>' range. Some have a halter but no saddles or blankets.Swampsterhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07273339036868534074noreply@blogger.com4tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1636347795968499033.post-1326106711517865052011-10-07T23:43:00.000+01:002017-07-22T16:19:37.179+01:00Romans, they go the house?<br />
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'"Romanes eunt domus"? People called Romanes, they go, the house? '<br />
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Just a quick post.<br />
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At Newbury, I bought <a href="http://www.magistermilitum.com/prodtype.asp?PT_ID=95&strPageHistory=cat">Magister Militum's</a> new 10mm Roman buildings. I saw these on a flyer I received from them but as far as I can see they aren't yet on the website.<br />
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Roman - indeed most ancient - buildings are pretty hard to come by in most scales. I have picked up various examples in the past but most didn't really appeal. An option I've considered, and seen used to good effect, is to use the paper buildings from <a href="http://www.romanseas.com/roman_models.html">'Roman Seas' </a>. However, I wanted something with a bit more heft and which I'm less likely to squash. There is also <a href="http://www.lurkio.co.uk/index.php?main_page=index&cPath=66&zenid=7isojedmnphmf2gifvnphkg5t4">Lurkio's</a> Roman Villa. This looks nice though to be a bit hypercritical I think they could have used a better roof tile effect. It looks like theirs uses either Slater's or something similar. For scratchbuilding, you can get some very nice pantiles in various scales from <a href="http://www.gaugemaster.com/item_details.asp?code=N57340">Noch</a>, though at something of a price. I have some sitting around waiting to be used one day.</div>
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So, here are the buildings:<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhnV9IDB1_IFTrLzVLoMqa5ajb9LIbF3haFqw8WZ0ciLDwljpwi4Tney6PlFxF_-8NxKTfhHkFEVaUtpud8aE1OiKg2y-Ohyphenhyphen_Wc2utBtMMpdOXUrM8SYhivLlB5MaFMyJ4nVMsMV2ZMwYs/s1600/DSCF0671.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="480" data-original-width="640" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhnV9IDB1_IFTrLzVLoMqa5ajb9LIbF3haFqw8WZ0ciLDwljpwi4Tney6PlFxF_-8NxKTfhHkFEVaUtpud8aE1OiKg2y-Ohyphenhyphen_Wc2utBtMMpdOXUrM8SYhivLlB5MaFMyJ4nVMsMV2ZMwYs/s320/DSCF0671.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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Basically, a fairly high status but single range villa house with two outbuildings. </div>
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I've used the classic red and white look. I've seen a description of a very colourful villa exterior, but have lost the link! In the flesh the terracotta roof stands out more. I used GW terracotta paint for them with a lighter highlight. Walls are ivory highlighted in off-white to bring out the texture. The red band was, iirc, scab red with Foundry British red coat light as a highlight.</div>
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Final picture shows the 10mm buildings next to some 15mm Warmodelling Romans. While obviously the figures are out of scale the difference isn't too jarring and it allows sensibly sized buildings on the battlefield. <br />
Hopefully the range will expand. A small shrine would be nice, or some lower class buildings suitable for a small town.<br />
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For more info,<br />
<a href="http://www.romanbritain.freeserve.co.uk/villa.htm">http://www.romanbritain.freeserve.co.uk/villa.htm</a> by Guy de la Bedoyere <br />
This <a href="http://www.dodderhillhistory.org.uk/Default.aspx?tabid=228">villa</a> is quite near where I live.<br />
<a href="http://www.museumoflondon.org.uk/learning/features_facts/digging/invasion/i2.html">Museum of London</a> - possibly the inspiration for MM's model.<br />
A nice overview of Roman paints is <a href="http://www.rms.org.uk/OneStopCMS/Core/CrawlerResourceServer.aspx?resource=CF4D6F71-67C9-4FBD-8425-4B6AF10C8980&mode=link&guid=6bc8119b2a164c60b3db877a20bed3b2">here</a> though most would have been for interior decoration.Swampsterhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07273339036868534074noreply@blogger.com1